Chap 13 EXAM

What is the primary purpose of DNA translation?

• To replicate DNA

• To use DNA as a template to make tRNA molecules

• To convert DNA into mRNA

• To translate mRNA into amino acid polypeptides

During mRNA translation, which molecule is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• DNA

Explain how the codon wheel is used to determine the amino acid sequence during protein synthesis.

• It converts DNA sequences into amino acid polypeptides.

• It translates mRNA codons in ribosomes into amino acid polypeptides.

• It identifies the start and stop codons in DNA.

• It sequences tRNA molecules.

What is being depicted in this diagram?

• translation

• replication

• transcription

• mutation

How do codons function in the synthesis of proteins during translation?

• They are sequences of DNA that start the process of transcription.

• They are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that code for a specific amino acid.

• They are sequences of tRNA that transport amino acids to the ribosome.

• They are sequences of rRNA that assemble into ribosomal subunits.

Describe the process by which tRNA molecules contribute to protein synthesis.

• They synthesize mRNA from DNA.

• They carry amino acids to the ribosome and match them with the appropriate codons on the mRNA.

• They form the ribosome's structure.

• They unwind the DNA double helix.

What role do amino acids play in determining the three-dimensional structure of proteins?

• Amino acids have no role in the three-dimensional structure of proteins.

• The sequence and chemical properties of amino acids are crucial for the protein's three-dimensional shape and function.

• Amino acids only influence the protein's ability to interact with lipids.

• Amino acids dictate the speed of protein degradation.

What is the role of the start codon in mRNA translation?

• It signals the end of protein synthesis.

• It signals the beginning of protein synthesis.

• It codes for the amino acid methionine.

• It binds to tRNA.

Which of the following codons will specify the amino acid tryptophan in mRNA translation?

• AUG

• UAA

• UGG

• GCU

What will be the amino acid sequence made from the replicated portion of the lower strand?

• Glutamine, Leucine, Histidine

• Glutamine, STOP, valine

• Histidine, Asparagine, Glutamine

• STOP, Histidine, Valine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1