4.2-4.3 Vocabulary

Condensation

• The process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water, often forming clouds or dew.

• The process of water evaporating into vapor due to heat.

• The process of ice melting into water when heated.

• The process of water being absorbed by soil and plants.

Law of Conservation of Mass

• A principle stating that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations.

• A law stating that energy can be created and destroyed in chemical reactions.

• A theory that suggests mass can be converted into energy under certain conditions.

• A concept that indicates mass can change forms but is always conserved.

Recycling

• The process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects, reducing the consumption of fresh raw materials and energy usage.

• The act of throwing away waste materials without any further processing.

• The method of reusing old materials without any changes.

• The process of incinerating waste to generate energy.

Consumer

• An organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis.

• An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms or organic matter due to its inability to produce its own food.

• An organism that decomposes organic matter into simpler substances.

• An organism that relies solely on inorganic substances for energy.

Photosynthesis

• The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy without any byproducts.

• The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the aid of chlorophyll, converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

• The process of breaking down glucose to release energy in the absence of oxygen.

• The process by which animals convert food into energy using oxygen.

Cellular Respiration

• A process that converts sunlight into chemical energy.

• A set of metabolic reactions that convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), releasing waste products.

• A method of photosynthesis in plants.

• A way for cells to divide and replicate.

Energy Pyramid

• A diagram illustrating the distribution of energy among different species in an ecosystem.

• A graphical representation showing the flow of energy at different trophic levels in an ecosystem, with producers at the base and top predators at the top.

• A chart depicting the population sizes of various organisms in an ecosystem.

• A model that explains the carbon cycle in an ecosystem.

Decomposition

• The process by which organic substances are broken down into simpler organic or inorganic matter, such as carbon dioxide, water, and nutrient-rich soil.

• The process of combining different substances to create a new compound.

• The process of photosynthesis where plants convert sunlight into energy.

• The process of respiration where organisms convert glucose and oxygen into energy.

Decomposer

• An organism that produces energy through photosynthesis.

• An organism that breaks down dead organisms and organic waste, returning nutrients to the environment.

• An organism that consumes other organisms for energy.

• An organism that lives in extreme environments and does not require oxygen.

Food Chain

• A circular sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next member in the chain.

• A linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next member in the chain, showing the flow of energy and nutrients.

• A random assortment of organisms that interact with each other in an ecosystem.

• A complex network of food webs that includes multiple feeding relationships.