Earth and Space

The fault plane is inclined at an angle greater than 45 degrees from the horizontal, and the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall.

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

• Strike-slip Fault

• None of the above

The fault plane is nearly vertical, and the movement is predominantly lateral along the fault plane.

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

• Strike-slip Fault

• None of the above

The fault plane is inclined at an angle less than 45 degrees from the horizontal, and the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall.

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

• Strike-slip Fault

• None of the above

Which of the following best describes the epicenter of an earthquake?

• The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.

• The deepest point within the Earth where the seismic energy is released.

• The point within the Earth where the fault rupture begins.

• The area where the ground shaking is most intense.

What is the primary factor that determines the magnitude of an earthquake?

• The depth of the earthquake's focus.

• The distance from the epicenter to the affected area.

• The amount of energy released by the seismic event.

• The type of fault responsible for the earthquake.

How does earthquake intensity differ from earthquake magnitude?

• Magnitude measures the energy released, while intensity measures the damage caused.

• Magnitude measures the depth of the focus, while intensity measures the distance from the epicenter.

• Magnitude measures the ground shaking, while intensity measures the duration of the earthquake.

• Magnitude measures the area affected, while intensity measures the frequency of aftershocks.

Which of the following is a potential effect of an earthquake on a community?

• Increased rainfall and flooding.

• Growth of vegetation and wildlife.

• Displacement of tectonic plates.

• Damage to buildings, infrastructure, and loss of life.

What role does the focus of an earthquake play in determining its effects on the Earth's surface?

• The deeper the focus, the more severe the ground shaking.

• The shallower the focus, the greater the potential for tsunamis.

• The focus determines the direction of the seismic waves.

• The focus has no direct impact on the effects of the earthquake.

Which of the following statements best describes the motion of Love waves during an earthquake?

• Love waves travel in a rolling motion parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

• Love waves travel in a rolling motion perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

• Love waves travel in a compressional motion perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

• Love waves travel in a compressional motion parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

How do earthquakes occurring underwater or along subduction zones contribute to the formation of tsunamis?

• Underwater earthquakes release energy that generates seismic waves, which propagate through the water and create tsunami waves.

• Subduction zone earthquakes cause the sudden uplift of the seafloor, displacing water and generating tsunami waves.

• Underwater earthquakes trigger volcanic eruptions, leading to the formation of tsunamis.

• Subduction zone earthquakes cause the release of toxic gases, resulting in the formation of tsunamis.