Biology EOC Practice Quiz

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Protein synthesis

• Lipid storage

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Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in a cell?

• They store genetic information.

• They synthesize proteins.

• They break down waste materials.

• They generate energy.

Explain how the structure of the cell membrane contributes to its function.

• The rigid structure provides support and protection.

• The semi-permeable nature allows selective transport of substances.

• The thick layer prevents any substance from entering or leaving the cell.

• The solid structure allows for easy communication between cells.

How does a mutation in DNA affect protein synthesis?

• It always results in a nonfunctional protein.

• It can change the amino acid sequence, potentially altering protein function.

• It has no effect on protein synthesis.

• It only affects the protein if it occurs in a non-coding region.

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Which of the following processes is responsible for genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

• Mitosis

• Binary fission

• Meiosis

• Budding

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Describe the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are unrelated processes.

• Photosynthesis converts glucose into energy, while cellular respiration stores energy in glucose.

• Photosynthesis stores energy in glucose, while cellular respiration releases energy from glucose.

• Both processes release energy from glucose.

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Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?

• Carbon dioxide

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Methane

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What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

• It absorbs light energy.

• It transports water.

• It stores glucose.

• It releases oxygen.

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Which of the following is an example of a mutualistic relationship?

• A lion hunting a zebra

• A bee pollinating a flower

• A tapeworm in a human intestine

• A barnacle on a whale

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How do predator-prey relationships affect population dynamics in an ecosystem?

• They stabilize population sizes by controlling prey numbers.

• They lead to the extinction of prey species.

• They have no effect on population sizes.

• They only affect the predator population.

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