Sociology Chapter 2: Cultural Diversity

What consists of all the shared products of human groups?

• Culture

• Economy

• Technology

• Environment

Identify and describe the basic components of a culture.

• Technology, Symbols, Language, Values, Norms

• Technology, Language, Values, Norms

• Symbols, Language, Values, Norms

• Technology, Symbols, Values, Norms

In what ways are material and nonmaterial culture different? Material - physical objects that people create and use (automobiles, books, buildings, clothing, computers, and cooking equipment) Nonmaterial - abstract human creations (beliefs, family patterns, ideas, language, political and economic systems, and rules)

• Material culture includes physical objects, while nonmaterial culture includes abstract human creations.

• Material culture includes abstract human creations, while nonmaterial culture includes physical objects.

• Both material and nonmaterial culture include physical objects.

• Both material and nonmaterial culture include abstract human creations.

A group of interdependent people who have organized in such a way to share a common culture and feeling of unity is called a:

• community

• society

• organization

• team

Shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desirable or undesirable are known as:

• Values

• Norms

• Laws

• Customs

What are shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations? Give an example.

• Norms

• Laws

• Habits

• Customs

Which of the following are three types of norms?

• Folkways, Mores, and Laws

• Customs, Traditions, and Habits

• Rules, Regulations, and Guidelines

• Principles, Standards, and Ethics

Who is George Murdock? What did he do? Anthropologist who in the 1940s compiled a list of cultural universals. (body adornment, cooking, dancing, family, music, housing, forms of greeting, etc.)

• A famous chef known for his culinary skills.

• An anthropologist who compiled a list of cultural universals in the 1940s.

• A musician who created a new genre of music.

• A dancer who introduced new dance forms.

What are cultural universals and why do they exist?

• Cultural universals are elements, patterns, traits, or institutions that are common to all human cultures worldwide, and they exist because they fulfill basic human needs.

• Cultural universals are unique traditions found only in specific cultures, and they exist to differentiate societies.

• Cultural universals are modern inventions that have spread globally, and they exist due to globalization.

• Cultural universals are ancient practices that have been abandoned, and they exist only in historical records.

The belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards is known as:

• Cultural Relativism

• Ethnocentrism

• Cultural Imperialism

• Cultural Assimilation