Unit 6.3 - Geosphere Review

What is energy? Energy is the ability to do ______.

How do renewable and nonrenewable energy sources differ?

• Renewable energy sources can be easily replenished, while non-renewable sources cannot.

• Renewable energy sources are always more expensive than non-renewable sources.

• Non-renewable energy sources are more environmentally friendly than renewable sources.

• Renewable energy sources are only available in certain parts of the world.

How is energy produced in the United States? Label the sections of the pie chart to the right with the type of energy represented by each percentage.

• coal, natural gas, petroleum

• solar, wind, hydroelectric

• nuclear, geothermal, biomass

• hydrogen, tidal, wave

In addition to the three largest sources, what other sources of energy are available?

• biomass, hydropower, wind, solar, geothermal, nuclear

• coal, oil, natural gas

• wood, peat, charcoal

• electricity, magnetism, gravity

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List some of the major downsides of the following renewable energy sources:

• Can adversely affect aquatic ecosystems.

• Wind

• Inconsistent, kill migrating birds.

• Hydro

• Must be in areas with lots of land & high sun year-round, often not near consumers.

• Solar

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What are fossil fuels?

• Fossil fuels are formed from ancient organic matter and time that died, were buried, and decomposed. The combination of organic matter, heat, time, and pressure during decomposition determines the type of fossil fuel formed.

• Fossil fuels are formed from ancient rocks and minerals that died, were buried, and solidified. The combination of rocks, minerals, time, and erosion during solidification determines the type of fossil fuel formed.

• Fossil fuels are formed from ancient water and air that died, were buried, and evaporated. The combination of water, air, time, and condensation during evaporation determines the type of fossil fuel formed.

• Fossil fuels are formed from ancient metals and gases that died, were buried, and oxidized. The combination of metals, gases, time, and rust during oxidation determines the type of fossil fuel formed.

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How are fossil fuels used?

• Fossil fuels are used in electricity generation, transport fuels, and the production of chemicals and plastics.

• Fossil fuels are used only in the production of chemicals and plastics.

• Fossil fuels are used exclusively for heating purposes.

• Fossil fuels are used only in transport fuels.

How does a fossil fuel plant produce electricity?

• Fossil fuel power plants burn coal or oil to create steam which is used to turn turbines that generate electricity.

• Fossil fuel power plants freeze coal or oil to create ice which is used to turn turbines that generate electricity.

• Fossil fuel power plants melt coal or oil to create lava which is used to turn turbines that generate electricity.

• Fossil fuel power plants evaporate coal or oil to create gas which is used to turn turbines that generate electricity.

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Continuing to access fossil fuels is problematic because:

• it leads to environmental degradation and climate change.

• it is a renewable source of energy.

• it is the most efficient energy source.

• it has no impact on the environment.

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