Mastering C Language Concepts

What is the correct syntax to include a header file in C?

• #include

• #include {header_file.h}

• import header_file.h

Explain the difference between '==' and '=' in C.

• '==' checks equality, while '=' assigns a value.

• Both '==' and '=' are used for comparison in C.

• '==' is for assigning values, while '=' compares two variables.

• '==' is used for variable declaration, while '=' checks equality.

What is a pointer in C and how is it declared?

• A pointer in C is a variable that stores a value directly.

• A pointer in C is a variable that stores the address of another variable. It is declared using the syntax 'type *pointer_name;'. For example, 'int *ptr;'.

• A pointer is declared using the syntax 'pointer_name : type;'.

• Pointers can only store integer values in C.

How do you allocate memory dynamically in C?

• Use 'printf' to allocate memory in C.

• Use 'free' to allocate memory in C.

• Use 'new' operator for dynamic memory allocation in C.

• Use 'malloc', 'calloc', or 'realloc' functions to allocate memory dynamically in C.

What is the purpose of the 'main' function in a C program?

• The 'main' function is responsible for memory management.

• The 'main' function is where all functions are declared.

• The 'main' function is used for defining global variables.

• The 'main' function is the entry point of a C program.

Describe the use of the 'break' statement in loops.

• The 'break' statement is used to skip the current iteration of a loop.

• The 'break' statement is used to pause a loop temporarily.

• The 'break' statement is used to exit a loop prematurely.

• The 'break' statement is used to continue executing the next loop iteration.

What is a structure in C and how is it defined?

• A structure in C is defined using the 'struct' keyword, followed by the structure name and its members.

• A structure in C is defined using the 'class' keyword.

• A structure in C is defined with the 'define' keyword.

• A structure in C is a type of function that returns a value.

How can you pass an array to a function in C?

• Declare the array inside the function itself.

• Pass the entire array as a single variable.

• Use a pointer to the first element of the array as the function parameter.

• Use a struct to encapsulate the array.

What is the difference between 'struct' and 'union' in C?

• A 'struct' allocates separate memory for each member, while a 'union' shares memory among its members.

• A 'struct' and a 'union' both allocate the same amount of memory regardless of their members.

• A 'struct' is used for functions, while a 'union' is used for variables.

• A 'struct' can only contain integers, while a 'union' can contain any data type.

Explain the concept of recursion with an example in C.

• int fibonacci(int n) { return n <= 1 ? n : fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2); }

• int power(int base, int exp) { return exp == 0 ? 1 : base * power(base, exp - 1); }

• Here is a C example: int factorial(int n) { if (n == 0) { return 1; // Base case } else { return n * factorial(n - 1); // Recursive case } }

• int sum(int n) { return n + sum(n - 1); }