Neurons and Action Potentials

The video tutorial provides an in-depth look at neurons and their role in the nervous system. It begins with an overview of the nervous system and the structure of neurons, including the cell body, dendrites, and axon. The tutorial explains the different types of neurons: sensory, inter, and motor neurons, and their functions. It delves into the concepts of resting and action potentials, illustrating how electrical impulses are generated and transmitted. The sodium-potassium pump's role in maintaining neuron function is discussed, followed by an explanation of synapses and neurotransmission.

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

• To generate action potentials

• To store neurotransmitters

• To receive impulses from neighboring cells

• To transmit impulses away from the cell body

Which type of neuron is responsible for detecting stimuli and transmitting signals to the brain?

• Interneurons

• Glial cells

• Motor neurons

• Sensory neurons

How do motor neurons contribute to movement?

• By detecting sensory stimuli

• By sending signals to muscles causing them to contract

• By maintaining the resting potential

• By processing information in the brain

What happens to the charge inside a neuron during its resting potential?

• It fluctuates rapidly

• It is negative due to proteins and potassium ions

• It remains neutral

• It becomes positive due to sodium ions

What triggers the opening of sodium channels during an action potential?

• A decrease in external potassium concentration

• A change in internal charge to negative 40 millivolts

• The presence of ATP

• The release of neurotransmitters

What analogy is used to describe the action potential process?

• A wave at a stadium

• A spinning wheel

• A flowing river

• A ticking clock

Which ions are primarily involved in the action potential of a neuron?

• Hydrogen and oxygen

• Chloride and bicarbonate

• Sodium and potassium

• Calcium and magnesium

What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?

• To generate action potentials

• To release neurotransmitters

• To transmit signals across the synapse

• To restore the resting potential by pumping sodium out and potassium in

What is the synapse in the context of neuron communication?

• The gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released

• The part of the neuron that generates impulses

• The location of the sodium-potassium pump

• The area where sodium and potassium ions are exchanged

What happens when neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the dendrite?

• The neuron becomes hyperpolarized

• Sodium channels open, generating a new impulse

• Potassium channels close

• The neuron stops functioning