Atomic Structure and Isotopes

Dr. B conducts a chemistry tutorial focusing on protons, neutrons, and electrons. The session involves solving problems similar to those found on AP Chemistry, MCAT, and NEET exams. Key topics include atomic numbers, mass numbers, electron configurations, and isotopes. The tutorial covers elements like sulfur, oxygen, calcium, and carbon, emphasizing problem-solving techniques and understanding atomic structures.

What is the atomic number of an element with 16 protons?

• 17

• 16

• 15

• 14

How many neutrons are present in an element with a mass number of 32 and 16 protons?

• 14

• 16

• 20

• 18

Which element has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16?

• Neon

• Nitrogen

• Fluorine

• Oxygen

What is the electron configuration for oxygen in its ground state?

• 1s2 2s2 2p4

• 1s2 2s2 2p6

• 1s2 2s2 2p5

• 1s2 2s2 2p3

Why is the mass number of an element not always a whole number?

• Due to isotopes

• Due to electron mass

• Due to atomic number

• Due to proton mass

What is the atomic number of an element with 20 protons?

• 21

• 18

• 19

• 20

Which electrons are involved in chemical bonding?

• Core electrons

• Neutrons

• Valence electrons

• All electrons

What is the electron configuration for calcium?

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1

What distinguishes carbon-14 from carbon-12?

• Number of atoms

• Number of protons

• Number of electrons

• Number of neutrons

What is the significance of carbon-14 in scientific studies?

• Determining atomic mass

• Carbon dating

• Measuring atomic number

• Identifying isotopes