Computer Management and Cybersecurity

Benjamin is a college student who has important projects and assignments saved on his laptop. What is a recommended strategy for data backup?

• Use a single external hard drive for all backups.

• Use the 3-2-1 backup strategy.

• Backup data only once a year.

• Store backups on the same device as the original data.

Answer explanation

The 3-2-1 backup strategy is recommended as it ensures data safety by keeping 3 copies of data on 2 different media, with 1 copy stored offsite. This approach minimizes the risk of data loss compared to other options.

Grace is concerned about her computer's security and wants to ensure it is protected from malware. Name one effective technique for malware protection that she should consider.

• Ignore software updates

• Disable firewall

• Use weak passwords

• Use antivirus software

Answer explanation

Using antivirus software is an effective technique for malware protection as it helps detect, quarantine, and remove malicious software, keeping your system secure. The other options compromise security.

In a school computer lab, Mia is responsible for managing the computers. What is the purpose of user access control in this computing system?

• To enhance the speed of the computing system.

• To increase the storage capacity of the system.

• The purpose of user access control is to manage and restrict access to resources in a computing system.

• To improve the visual interface of the software.

Answer explanation

User access control is essential for managing and restricting access to resources, ensuring that only authorized users can access sensitive data and functionalities, thus enhancing security in a computing system.

Charlotte is concerned about the security of her personal data while using the internet. She wants to implement a common network security measure to protect her data. What should she do?

• Password policies

• Antivirus software

• Data encryption

• Firewalls

Answer explanation

Firewalls are essential network security measures that monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic, helping to protect data from unauthorized access and threats.

Michael received an email that looked like it was from his bank, asking him to verify his account information. This is an example of a cybercrime that targets individuals. Identify this type of cybercrime.

• Malware distribution

• Identity theft

• Phishing

• Denial of Service attacks

Answer explanation

Identity theft is a type of cybercrime that specifically targets individuals by stealing personal information to commit fraud. Unlike malware distribution or phishing, which can affect multiple users, identity theft focuses on individual victims.

In a university database, how does Liam ensure that the data integrity is maintained when students enroll in courses?

• Using foreign keys only

• Using primary keys and constraints

• Regularly backing up data

• Implementing user access controls

Answer explanation

Using primary keys and constraints ensures that each record is unique and maintains relationships between tables, which is essential for data integrity. Foreign keys alone do not guarantee uniqueness, while backups and access controls serve different purposes.

Aria noticed that her computer was running slow and was often crashing. After some research, she learned that regular software updates could help protect her from malware. How can regular software updates contribute to malware protection?

• Regular software updates contribute to malware protection by fixing security vulnerabilities and enhancing system defenses.

• They automatically remove all existing malware.

• They slow down the system and cause crashes.

• They only improve user interface features.

Answer explanation

Regular software updates are crucial for malware protection as they fix security vulnerabilities that could be exploited by malware and enhance system defenses, making it harder for malicious software to infiltrate.

Avery is setting up a new office network and wants to ensure its security. What is the role of firewalls in network security?

• Firewalls are used to create backups of network data.

• Firewalls are primarily for monitoring employee internet usage.

• Firewalls enhance network speed by increasing bandwidth.

• Firewalls protect networks by filtering traffic and blocking unauthorized access.

Answer explanation

Firewalls are essential for network security as they filter incoming and outgoing traffic, blocking unauthorized access and potential threats, thus protecting the network from attacks.

In a school, Benjamin is responsible for managing student records. Describe a method he can use to limit user access to sensitive information.

• Implement role-based access control (RBAC) to restrict user access to sensitive information.

• Use a public directory for sensitive data storage.

• Disable all user accounts to prevent access to sensitive information.

• Allow all users unrestricted access to sensitive information.

Answer explanation

Implementing role-based access control (RBAC) effectively restricts user access to sensitive information by assigning permissions based on user roles, ensuring that only authorized users can access specific data.

Aria received an email that appeared to be from her bank, asking her to verify her account information by clicking on a link. What is phishing and how does it relate to cybercrime?

• Phishing is a legal method of collecting user data.

• Phishing refers to the process of securing a network from attacks.

• Phishing is a method of cybercrime that involves tricking individuals into revealing personal information by masquerading as a trustworthy entity.

• Phishing is a type of malware that infects computers.

Answer explanation

Phishing is a method of cybercrime that deceives individuals into providing personal information by pretending to be a trustworthy source, making it a significant threat in the realm of online security.