What is heat in terms of energy transfer?

Energy transfer from a hotter object to a colder object

The energy contained within an object

The temperature difference between two objects

Energy transfer from a colder object to a hotter object

What is the primary purpose of a heat engine in energy transformation?

To transform thermal energy into mechanical work

To convert chemical energy to light energy

What is the primary purpose of a generator in a power plant?

To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy

To distribute electricity to consumers

To reduce energy losses during transmission

Which projectile belongs to the horizontal velocity vector component?

a golf ball hit at an angle of 12 degrees

a ball rolling from the top of a hill

a discus throw launch at angle of 45 degrees

Which example best describes the vertical component of a projectile launch horizontally?

a car travelling in a slope road

a ball rolling from the top of a hill

a golf ball hit at an angle of 20 degrees

How does increasing the angle of release affect the maximum height of a projectile of the soccer ball?

The maximum height remains constant.

The maximum height is unaffected by the angle of release.

Why does a longer impact time during a collision reduce the force exerted on the object?

Because force is inversely proportional to the time of impact

Because it decreases the total impulse

Because it decreases the change in momentum

Because momentum is conserved during longer collisions

Why is momentum conserved in a collision?

Because there are no external forces acting on the system

Because the total energy of the system increases

Because forces acting during the collision cancel out

Because the objects in the system move at the same speed after collision

In the diagram, what happens to the kinetic energy (KE) of Piolo Pascual as his potential energy (PE) decreases during his descent?

Kinetic energy remains constant.

In the given image, what happens to the energy in the coffee cup?

It transfers from the coffee cup to the cooler surroundings

It stays constant in the coffee cup

It transfers from the surroundings to the coffee cup

It cycles back and forth between the coffee cup and its surroundings

What are the three primary modes of heat transfer involved in heat engines?

Conduction, convection, radiation

Conduction, diffusion, evaporation

Diffusion, evaporation, convection

Radiation, absorption, conduction

Why is electricity transmitted at high voltages over long distances?

To minimize energy loss during transmission

To prevent overheating of power lines

To increase the speed of electricity delivery

To reduce the amount of electricity generated

A soccer player kicks a ball at an angle of 30° with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. Assuming air resistance is negligible, which of the following correctly describes the ball's motion?

The horizontal velocity remains constant while the vertical velocity changes due to gravity.

Both horizontal and vertical velocities remain constant.

Both horizontal and vertical velocities change uniformly due to gravity.

The horizontal velocity increases, and the vertical velocity decreases uniformly.

A truck and a car collide, and both come to rest after the collision. If the truck has a larger mass than the car, which of the following statements is true about the impulse experienced by both?

Both experiences different impulses depending on their initial velocities.

The car experiences a greater impulse.

The truck experiences a greater impulse.

Both experiences the same impulse but with different force magnitudes.

In a steam engine, heat is used to perform work. Which of the following best explains how heat is converted into mechanical work in this system?

Heat from the boiler is absorbed by the piston, causing it to expand and push the mechanical components, performing work.

The heat causes a chemical reaction that directly powers the engine, bypassing any mechanical conversion of energy.

Heat energy is used to increase the temperature of the boiler water, which then cools down to produce steam that drives a turbine.

Heat is stored in the fuel and directly drives the motor without any mechanical interaction with the surrounding components.

If a city experiences frequent power losses, which part of the electrical energy system should be inspected first?

High-voltage transmission lines

Step-down transformers in the distribution network

When a projectile is launched at an angle of 60°, how does the height it reaches compare to a launch angle of 30°, assuming the same initial velocity?

The height is greater for 60° but the range is shorter.

The height is less for 60°, but the range is longer.

The height and range are the same for both angles.

The height is the same, but the range is shorter for 60°.

What is the relationship between the angles of projection affect the peak height of a projectile?

The peak height is highest when the angle of projection is 90 degrees.

The peak height increases as the angle of projection decreases.

The peak height remains constant regardless of the angle of projection.

The peak height increases as the angle of projection increases, up to 45 degrees, after which it decreases.

During a head-on collision between a larger truck and a smaller car, the collision time is the same for both vehicles. Using the impulse-momentum theorem and Newton's third law, which statement provides the most comprehensive explanation of the forces and resulting motion?

Both the truck and the car experience forces of equal magnitude but in opposite directions; however, the car's smaller mass results in a larger change in velocity, demonstrating how momentum and impulse are related to force and mass.

The car experiences a larger force due to its smaller mass, resulting in greater acceleration.

The truck's larger momentum prevents it from experiencing a significant force, whereas the car absorbs most of the impact.

The truck exerts a greater force on the car because it has more mass, but this results in a smaller acceleration for the truck.

Based on the diagram in item 22, which principle explains why the total mechanical energy Piolo Pascual remains constant throughout his motion?

The total mechanical energy remains constant when no external forces, such as friction or air resistance, are acting on the object.

The total mechanical energy changes when the object's velocity remains constant throughout its motion.

The total mechanical energy remains constant only when the object is in free fall near the Earth's surface.

The total mechanical energy changes when the object is subject to an external force like friction, which converts mechanical energy into heat.

Compare the roles of the working fluid in a steam engine and an internal combustion engine. How does heat transfer affect their operation differently?

Internal combustion engines and steam engines use the same working fluid principle.

Both use combustion but differ in how they apply thermal efficiency.

Steam engines use combustion for direct heat transfer, while internal combustion engines rely on external heat sources.

Steam engines rely on external heat sources to boil water, while internal combustion engines directly combust fuel inside the engine.

In a projectile motion experiment, two objects are launched with the same initial speed but at different angles. One is launched at 30° and the other at 60°. Despite the differences in their trajectories, both projectiles land at the same horizontal distance. Which explanation best accounts for this observation?

The angles are complementary, and in ideal conditions without air resistance, complementary angles result in identical ranges due to the symmetry in the range equation.

Both angles provide the same vertical and horizontal velocities, ensuring identical ranges.

The projectiles land at the same range because gravity affects both equally, ensuring their trajectories remain similar.

The launch angles compensate for differences in time of flight and velocity, leading to equivalent ranges despite differing peak heights.

Assuming negligible of air resistance, and same velocity, if Shandee hits the shuttlecock in a launch angle of 100 or less, will it reach the opponent's court?

Yes - A low launch angle maximizes horizontal distance, allowing the shuttlecock to reach the opponent's court.

No - A low launch angle reduces flight time, causing the shuttlecock to fall short.

Yes - Any angle will always ensure the shuttlecock reaches the opponent's court.

No - The shuttlecock requires a launch angle greater than 45° to cover the distance.

In a laboratory experiment, a 2 kg cart moving at 3 m/s collides with a 1 kg cart moving in the opposite direction at 2 m/s. After the collision, the 2 kg cart moves at 1 m/s in the same direction as before. Based on the principle of momentum conservation, which statement is true?

The total momentum before and after the collision is equal, confirming the accuracy of the experiment and adherence to the conservation law.

The system lost momentum due to internal forces like friction or deformation.

The total system momentum changed, implying the presence of external forces affecting the system during the collision.

The total momentum before and after the collision is not equal, suggesting an error in measurement or external influence.

Which of the following activities best demonstrates the conservation of mechanical energy?

A roller coaster ride, where potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and vice versa.

A car moving uphill, where kinetic energy decreases and potential energy increases.

A person lifting a box, where mechanical energy is used to overcome gravitational force.

A balloon being inflated, where internal energy increases but mechanical energy remains unchanged.

Which of the following statements best evaluates the efficiency and process of generating, transmitting, and distributing electrical energy?

Electrical energy is generated by the power plant, transmitted through high-voltage lines to reduce energy loss, and then distributed as low-voltage power to homes and businesses.

Electrical energy is generated using solar panels, which directly supply power to homes without the need for transmission or distribution infrastructure.

Electrical energy is generated and transmitted at the same voltage, ensuring no loss of energy during the transmission process before it is distributed.

Electrical energy is generated by wind turbines, transmitted over short distances without any need for transformers, and distributed without any loss of power.

Given the materials (Stirling engine kit, reflective parabolic dish, copper tubing, and thermal insulation), which of the following devices could you create to demonstrate that heat can do work?

Solar-powered Stirling engine: Use the reflective parabolic dish to focus sunlight onto the Stirling engine's heat exchanger, causing the working fluid to expand and drive the engine, converting heat into mechanical work.

Thermal water pump: Design a system where the reflective parabolic dish heats water in copper tubing, generating steam pressure to drive a small pump.

Parabolic dish heater: Use the reflective parabolic dish to directly heat a surface, relying on the thermal energy for passive heating without mechanical work.

Heat-powered fan: Use the Stirling engine kit to create a fan driven by heat, with the reflective parabolic dish focusing sunlight onto the engine to provide the heat source.

Which of the following configurations would you propose to efficiently convert heat into mechanical work?

Use the reflective parabolic dish to focus sunlight on the Stirling engine's heat exchanger, creating thermal expansion in the working fluid to drive the engine.

Use the copper tubing and thermal insulation to store heat for later use without connecting it to the Stirling engine for mechanical work.

Connect the Stirling engine kit directly to a water-cooled heat source, bypassing the need for the reflective parabolic dish, to generate mechanical work.

Design a system where the copper tubing collects heat and transfers it to a water tank, which passively warms a space without generating mechanical motion.

How do heat transfer and energy transformation work together to enable the operation of a heat engine?

Fuel combustion → Heat transfer to working fluid → Expansion of working fluid → Mechanical energy is used to do work (e.g., move a piston).

Fuel combustion → Heat energy is stored in a battery → Converted back into thermal energy to push a piston.

Mechanical work is applied to a fluid → Fluid absorbs heat → Heat is transferred to the environment, completing the cycle.

Heat energy from the environment → Direct transformation into electrical energy → Energy used to power the engine components.

Which of the following paths correctly explains the journey of electricity from the power plant to a household?

Power plant → Step-up transformer → Transmission lines → Step-down transformer → Distribution lines → Household

Power plant → Transmission lines → Step-down transformer → Step-up transformer → Distribution lines → Household

Power plant → Step-down transformer → Transmission lines → Step-up transformer → Distribution lines → Household

Power plant → Step-up transformer → Distribution lines → Step-down transformer → Transmission lines → Household

What modification would you propose to ensure both reliable and cost-effective power delivery to local residents?

Increase the number of transformers to step down voltage at multiple points along the transmission line, ensuring consistent and safe delivery of power.

Use solar power at the transmission substations to avoid using the grid altogether.

Eliminate the step-down transformers and supply high voltage directly to local appliances.

Build a single, high-voltage transmission line directly to each household to minimize infrastructure costs.

Science Assessment Quiz

Authored by Jacqueline Sarayno

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9th Grade

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What type of path does a cannonball follow when launched as a projectile?

Linear

Circular

Parabolic

Hyperbolic

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What are the two components of a projectile's motion?

Linear and rotational

Circular and elliptical

Horizontal and vertical

Forward and backward

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What do you call the horizontal distance covered by the soccer ball?

Range

Height

Trajectory

Angle of release

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Based on the above illustration, what is the highest trajectory reached by the soccer ball?

15o

45o

60o

75o

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following best describes impulse?

The product of force and time

The product of force and velocity

The product of mass and velocity

The product of force and displacement

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following quantities is conserved in a closed system during a collision?

Force

Momentum

Acceleration

Kinetic energy

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following describes momentum?

The product of force and time

The product of mass and velocity

The product of mass and acceleration

The product of force and displacement

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Science Assessment Quiz

What type of path does a cannonball follow when launched as a projectile?

What are the two components of a projectile's motion?

What do you call the horizontal distance covered by the soccer ball?

Based on the above illustration, what is the highest trajectory reached by the soccer ball?

Which of the following best describes impulse?

Which of the following quantities is conserved in a closed system during a collision?

Which of the following describes momentum?

What is the SI unit of momentum?

What is the formula for calculating mechanical energy in a system?

Which of the following quantities are conserved in the absence of non-conservative forces like friction?

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