Chapter 13 Vocabulary

Allied Powers

• The countries that fought against the Central Powers in World War I, including Germany and Austria-Hungary.

• The countries that worked together in World War I, like the United States, Britain, and France.

• The nations that remained neutral during World War I, such as Switzerland and Spain.

• The countries that were part of the Axis Powers in World War II, including Japan and Italy.

Central Powers

• Countries that fought against the Allied Powers in World War I, like Germany and Austria-Hungary.

• Countries that were neutral during World War I, such as Switzerland and Spain.

• Countries that fought alongside the Allied Powers, like France and the United Kingdom.

• Countries that were part of the League of Nations after World War I, like Japan and Italy.

Great Migration

• A period when many African Americans moved from the South to the North to find better jobs and homes.

• A movement of people from rural areas to urban centers in the South.

• A historical event where immigrants from Europe settled in the Southern states.

• A time when African Americans migrated to Europe for better opportunities.

Mass Consumption

• When many people buy a lot of things, like food, clothes, and toys.

• When a few people buy a lot of things, like food, clothes, and toys.

• When people buy only essential items, like food and medicine.

• When people save money instead of spending it on goods.

Credit

• A way to buy something now and pay for it later.

• A type of loan that must be repaid immediately.

• A method of saving money for future purchases.

• A financial term for earning interest on savings.

Dust Bowl

• A period of severe drought that led to widespread crop failure and soil erosion.

• A time when strong winds blew away soil, making it hard for farmers to grow crops.

• A government program to help farmers during the Great Depression.

• A natural disaster caused by flooding and heavy rains.

Scarcity

• When there is an abundance of resources available for everyone.

• When there is not enough of something, like food or water, for everyone.

• When resources are evenly distributed among all individuals.

• When there is a surplus of goods and services in the market.

First Hundred Days

• The first months of Franklin Roosevelt’s presidency, when he made many new laws to help people.

• A period of economic decline during Roosevelt's presidency.

• The time when Roosevelt was elected but had not yet taken office.

• The first 100 days of any U.S. president's term.

Militarism

• A policy of building a strong army and weapons to prepare for war.

• A diplomatic approach to resolving conflicts without military force.

• A strategy focused on economic growth and trade relations.

• A movement advocating for disarmament and peace treaties.

Isolationism

• A policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.

• A strategy of engaging in international trade and alliances to promote economic growth.

• A doctrine that advocates for military intervention in foreign conflicts.

• A belief in the necessity of participating in global governance and diplomacy.