7.58-7.60 Article

Read the following excerpt and answer the question: "In a time when much of the world remained unknown to Europeans, brave sailors set forth across vast oceans in wooden ships, armed with only basic navigation tools and an unwavering spirit of adventure." Which primary motivation for European exploration is BEST reflected in this passage?

• Economic gain through trade

• Religious conversion of new peoples

• Spirit of adventure and discovery

• Political competition between nations

Which technological advancement was MOST crucial for allowing sailors to determine their position using stars?

• Caravel design

• Magnetic compass

• Astrolabe

• Harrison's Chronometer

Based on the text, what was Prince Henry the Navigator's MOST significant contribution to exploration?

• Leading expeditions himself

• Establishing a navigation school

• Building new types of ships

• Writing navigation manuals

Which explorer's achievement provided definitive proof that all of Earth's oceans were connected?

• Christopher Columbus

• Vasco da Gama

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Bartolomeu Dias

What was the primary economic motivation for European exploration during the Age of Discovery?

• Finding new fishing grounds

• Establishing fur trading posts

• Controlling spice trade routes

• Building shipbuilding facilities

How did Bartolomeu Dias's discovery impact future exploration?

• It proved Earth was round

• It revealed a route to India

• It showed a path between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans

• It established the first European colony

Which feature of the caravel made it particularly suitable for ocean exploration?

• Its steam-powered engine

• Its triangular sails for better maneuverability

• Its shallow hull design

• Its massive cargo capacity

What was the unintended consequence of Christopher Columbus's voyages?

• Discovery of the Northwest Passage

• Establishment of Portuguese colonies

• Discovery of the Americas

• Creation of trade routes to Asia

Read the following excerpt and answer the question: "These explorations transformed our world in countless ways. New trade routes connected distant lands, bringing spices, gold, and exotic goods to Europe. Crops like potatoes, tomatoes, and corn crossed oceans, changing diets worldwide." What historical concept is BEST illustrated by this passage?

• Religious conversion

• Cultural exchange

• Military conquest

• Political rivalry

Which explorer's work led to the naming of the American continents?

• Christopher Columbus

• Amerigo Vespucci

• Vasco da Gama

• Henry Hudson