3.1.3 Cancer Cell Morphology Lab Background

What is one of the leading causes of death in the United States?

• Heart disease

• Cancer

• Diabetes

• Influenza

What is the cell cycle responsible for in normal cells?

• Cell death

• Cell growth and proliferation

• Cell mutation

• Cell differentiation

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What are the four phases of the cell cycle?

• G1, S, G2, Mitosis

• G1, G2, S, Cytokinesis

• Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

• Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What can mutations in genes controlling cell growth lead to?

• Increased cell stability

• Development of cancer

• Improved cell function

• Decreased cell division

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What are proto-oncogenes?

• Genes that code for proteins regulating cell growth and division

• Genes that inhibit cell growth

• Genes that repair DNA damage

• Genes that cause cell death

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What happens when a proto-oncogene is mutated?

• It becomes inactive

• It converts into an oncogene

• It repairs DNA

• It causes cell death

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the role of tumor suppressor proteins?

• To promote cell division

• To inhibit cell growth and prevent tumor formation

• To convert proto-oncogenes into oncogenes

• To cause mutations in cells

What is the significance of the p53 protein?

• It promotes uncontrolled cell proliferation

• It regulates DNA damage repair and initiates apoptosis

• It converts normal cells into cancer cells

• It causes mutations in tumor suppressor genes

What is a defining characteristic of cancer cells compared to normal cells?

• Cancer cells are more sensitive to cell culture conditions.

• Cancer cells divide only a few times before arresting.

• Cancer cells are difficult to grow in the laboratory.

• Cancer cells stop dividing when in contact with neighboring cells.

What is the term used to describe the mechanism that stops normal cells from dividing when they contact neighboring cells?

• Cell adhesion

• Contact inhibition

• Metastasis

• Cell proliferation