In a phylogenetic tree, the branching points represent common ancestors.

• True

• False

What is survival of the fittest?

• It is where the fittest die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
• It is where the fittest die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
• It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
• It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes

The diagrams to the right illustrate the bones in the forelimbs of four different organisms. Although these limbs all look different, they share some common patterns. These common patterns suggest that

• These organisms are members of the same species.
• The organisms existed at about the same point in time.
• These organisms share a common ancestor.
• These organisms have exactly the same genes.

Black rabbits (BB) and white rabbits (bb) are both able to survive because they can camouflage into the white and black rocks in their environment. However, the intermediate gray rabbits (Bb) do not survive. This results in only white and black rabbits.

• Stabilizing

• Directional

• Disruptive

Darwin and Wallace both gathered a large number of observations and facts on which they based their theories. Which of the following types of evidence was NOT part of the evidence they gathered?

• fossil evidence
• anatomical evidence
• geographical distribution
• genetic evidence

Which of these animals does not have/produce an amniotic egg?

• Turtle

• Leopard

• Lamprey

• All three of these animals produce the amniotic egg

Why did the number of white peppered moths decrease so much by 1895?

• they did not blend in with the trees and birds ate them

• they tasted better to the birds than the black moths

• they were easier to reach on the trees

• white moths flew away to find better trees to blend in with

Which Hardy-Weinberg factor represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population?

• p2
• 2pq
• q2
• p2 + 2pq

You decide to move 50 light-colored rock pocket mice from Arizona to a colony in New Mexico that also lives on dark-colored volcanic rock. Which of the following describes what mice type has the advantage in this ecosystem?

• Dark colored mice because the number increases over time.

• Dark colored mice because the number decreases over time.

• Light colored mice because the number increases over time.

• Light colored mice because the number decreases over time.

Small lizards have difficulty defending territories so they end up dying out. Large lizards are more likely to be preyed upon by owls. Over time, only medium sized lizards end up surviving.

• Stabilizing

• Directional

• Disruptional