Ch.19 Quiz

What was one major reason cattle drives ended in Texas by the late 1880s?

• Cowboys began working on railroads instead

• Farmers started raising only sheep

• Barbed-wire fences blocked cattle trails

• The Civil War stopped cattle trading

What role did vaqueros play in Texas ranching?

• They helped spread barbed-wire fencing

• They introduced refrigeration for beef

• They were skilled cowboys who managed cattle

• They sold ranches to Anglo settlers

How did the development of railroads affect cattle ranching in Texas?

• It caused ranchers to switch to farming

• It helped ranchers ship cattle to markets more easily

• It made cattle drives longer and harder

• It caused ranchers to raise sheep instead of cattle

What was the main cause of the conflict between sheep ranchers and other ranchers?

• Sheep took up space on trains

• Sheep required more cowboys

• Sheep grazed on open land that others wanted to use

• Sheep gave Texas cattle fever to cows

Which of the following best describes a tenant farmer?

• A farmer who works for free

• A person who raises cattle on their own land

• A farmer who pays rent by sharing crops or labor

• A person who builds barbed-wire fences for ranches

What problem did many sharecroppers and tenant farmers face?

• They made too much money

• They had no place to sell crops

• They fell into debt due to high rents and poor harvests

• They moved to cities and refused to farm

What impact did women and minorities have on ranching in Texas?

• They mostly worked in the cotton industry

• They played no role in ranching

• They often helped run or even owned ranches

• They only worked as railroad workers

What happened to the cattle industry in the late 1880s and 1890s?

• It spread across the U.S.

• It declined due to falling prices and disease

• It grew stronger due to new trails

• It was replaced entirely by sheep ranching

Why did farmers move to the Panhandle and West Texas after the Civil War?

• The land had rich soil and rivers

• The land was plentiful and cheap

• It was safer than the east

• There were already towns with large populations

What farming method replaced enslaved labor after the Civil War?

• Cattle drives

• Tenant farming

• Industrial agriculture

• Plantation farming