Nephron

• The functional unit of the kidney.

• A type of blood cell involved in immunity.

• A hormone produced by the pancreas.

• A part of the digestive system responsible for nutrient absorption.

Ureter

• Tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

• Muscle that helps in the digestion of food.

• Organ responsible for filtering blood.

• Gland that produces hormones.

Urethra

• Tube that carries urine out of the body.

• Tube that carries blood to the heart.

• Tube that connects the kidneys to the bladder.

• Tube that transports oxygen to the lungs.

Bladder Cancer

• A type of cancer that affects the urinary bladder.

• A type of cancer that affects the lungs.

• A type of cancer that affects the skin.

• A type of cancer that affects the liver.

Interstitial Cystitis

• A chronic bladder condition causing pain and urgency.

• A type of urinary tract infection.

• A condition caused by bladder stones.

• An acute inflammation of the bladder.

Cystoscopy

• A procedure to examine the bladder with a camera.

• A surgery to remove kidney stones.

• A test to measure blood pressure in the bladder.

• An imaging test to view the lungs.

GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate)

• A test measuring kidney function.

• A measure of blood pressure in the kidneys.

• A type of kidney disease.

• A procedure for kidney transplantation.

Nocturia

• Frequent urination at night.

• Inability to urinate during the day.

• Excessive thirst during the night.

• Frequent urination during the day.

Proteinuria

• The presence of excess protein in urine.

• A condition characterized by low protein levels in blood.

• An inflammation of the kidneys.

• A type of kidney stone.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

• Enlargement of the prostate gland, affecting urination.

• Infection of the prostate gland, causing pain.

• Reduction in prostate size, improving urination.

• Malignant growth in the prostate, leading to cancer.