Chapter 1 Guided Reading

Which one is not a goal of science?

• to investigate the world

• to explain events in the world

• to make predictions

• to always get correct results

Answer explanation

The goal of science is to investigate, explain, and predict events in the world. However, it does not guarantee always getting correct results, as science is a process of inquiry and revision.

Scientific thinking starts with a/an ________________________.

• observation

• conclusion

• experiment

• hypothesis

Answer explanation

Scientific thinking begins with an observation, which prompts questions and leads to further investigation. Observations are essential for forming hypotheses and conducting experiments.

Answer the questions while reading the chapter lessons. 3. Observations involve the five senses.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The statement is true because observations indeed involve using the five senses: sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell to gather information about the environment.

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

CCSS.RI.11-12.2

CCSS.RI.9-10.1

Information gathered from an observation is called _____________.

• data

• hypothesis

• conclusion

• variable

Answer explanation

Information gathered from an observation is referred to as 'data'. This term encompasses all the facts and figures collected during the observation process, making 'data' the correct choice.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.3

CCSS.RI.9-10.3

CCSS.RI.8.3

What is an interpretation of an observation called?

• inference

• hypothesis

• experiment

• measurement

Answer explanation

An interpretation of an observation is called an inference. It involves drawing conclusions based on the evidence observed, distinguishing it from a hypothesis, which is a testable prediction.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

After an observation is made, what is the next step?

• collect data

• form a hypothesis

• analyze data

• ask more questions

Answer explanation

After making an observation, the next logical step is to form a hypothesis. This involves proposing an explanation or prediction based on the observation, which can then be tested through further experimentation.

A good hypothesis does not need to be tested.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

A good hypothesis must be testable to validate its claims. Therefore, the statement that a good hypothesis does not need to be tested is false.

Tags

CCSS.RI.2.1

CCSS.RI.3.1

CCSS.RL.1.1

CCSS.RL.2.1

CCSS.RL.3.1

Only ____ variable can be tested at a time during an experiment.

• one

• two

• three

• four

Answer explanation

In an experiment, only one variable can be tested at a time to ensure that any changes in the outcome can be attributed solely to that variable. Testing multiple variables simultaneously can lead to confounding results.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

In an experiment, the variable or thing that is changed is called the:

• controlled experiment

• responding variable

• hypothesis

• manipulated variable

Answer explanation

In an experiment, the variable that is changed by the researcher is known as the manipulated variable. This is distinct from the responding variable, which is measured as a result of changes made.

10. After conducting an experiment, the next step is to record and analyze _________________.

• data

• chemicals

• equipment

• hypotheses

Answer explanation

After conducting an experiment, the next step is to record and analyze data. Data is the information collected during the experiment, which is essential for drawing conclusions and validating hypotheses.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.3

CCSS.RI.9-10.3

CCSS.RI.8.5