DNA, Cell Cycle, and Mitosis Assessment

What are the three main components of a DNA nucleotide?

• Sugar, protein, and nitrogen base
• Sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base
• Phosphate group, protein, and sugar
• Nitrogen base, protein, and water

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

• G1 phase
• G2 phase
• S phase
• M phase

What is the complementary base pair for adenine in DNA?

• Guanine
• Cytosine
• Thymine
• Adenine

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication?

• DNA polymerase
• Helicase
• Ligase
• Primase

What term describes the process where one original DNA strand is preserved in each new DNA molecule?

• Conservative replication
• Semi-conservative replication
• Non-conservative replication
• Partial replication

Which of the following best describes the role of ligase in DNA replication?

• Adds RNA primers
• Joins Okazaki fragments
• Unwinds DNA strands
• Adds complementary bases

What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?

• M phase
• G1 phase
• Interphase
• G2 phase

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up at the cell's equator?

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

What structure forms in plant cells during cytokinesis?

• Cleavage furrow
• Cell plate
• Spindle fibers
• Centrioles

Which checkpoint ensures DNA was copied correctly and completely?

• M checkpoint
• S checkpoint
• G1 checkpoint
• G2 checkpoint