unit 8, Topic 1: Genes Vocabulary

chromosome

• structure in the nucleus that contains RNA

• structure in the nucleus that contains DNA

• a type of protein found in the cytoplasm

• a cellular organelle involved in energy production

allele

• version of a gene

• a type of chromosome

• a genetic mutation

• a protein structure

trait

• characteristic of an organism that can vary

• a type of genetic mutation

• a fixed feature of an organism

• an environmental influence on behavior

mutation

• change in an organism's DNA

• a type of genetic engineering

• a process of cell division

• an environmental adaptation

natural selection

• organisms best suited to their environment pass on their genes to the next generation

• all organisms have an equal chance of survival

• only the strongest organisms survive

• environmental changes have no effect on species

karyotype

• a visual display of an organism's chromosomes

• a type of genetic mutation

• a method for DNA sequencing

• a technique for cloning organisms

inherit

• receive from parents

• give to children

• borrow from friends

• lose to others

nucleus

• organelle that holds a cell’s genetic material

• site of protein synthesis

• location of cellular respiration

• structure that provides energy to the cell

cell

• basic unit of living things

• smallest part of an organism

• a type of tissue

• a component of a virus

DNA

• material that carries information about how an organism will look and function

• a type of protein that helps in muscle contraction

• a carbohydrate that provides energy to cells

• a lipid that stores energy in the body