Photosynthesis College Biology

What is the Calvin cycle?

• A process that converts sunlight into chemical energy.

• A series of biochemical reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts, converting carbon dioxide into glucose.

• A method of cellular respiration in animals.

• A type of photosynthesis that occurs in the dark.

What is photorespiration?

• A process in plants where oxygen is taken up and carbon dioxide is released, leading to a decrease in photosynthetic efficiency.

• A method of photosynthesis that occurs in low light conditions.

• A type of respiration that occurs only in animals during exercise.

• A process that increases the efficiency of carbon fixation in plants.

What is the difference between cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation?

• Cyclic photophosphorylation produces both ATP and NADPH, while noncyclic photophosphorylation involves the transport of electrons in a cycle.

• Cyclic photophosphorylation involves the transport of electrons in a cycle to produce ATP, while noncyclic photophosphorylation produces both ATP and NADPH.

• Cyclic photophosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria, while noncyclic photophosphorylation occurs in the chloroplasts.

• Cyclic photophosphorylation is a faster process than noncyclic photophosphorylation.

Which type of plants experience the greatest problem with photorespiration?

• C3 plants

• C4 plants

• CAM plants

• Succulent plants

In sulfur bacteria, how many pigments' electrons must be transported to produce one ATP in cyclic photophosphorylation?

• Two

• Three

• Four

• Five

What is the primary source of hydrogen used by the earliest photosynthetic organisms?

• H2O

• H2S

• CO2

• N2

What are C4 plants?

• Plants that have adapted to minimize photorespiration by fixing carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound.

• Plants that thrive in cold climates and have a two-carbon compound for carbon fixation.

• Plants that primarily use water for photosynthesis and have a high transpiration rate.

• Plants that grow in low light conditions and have a unique leaf structure for capturing sunlight.

What is the significance of NADPH in photosynthesis?

• NADPH is a byproduct of photosynthesis that is released into the atmosphere.

• NADPH is a reducing agent that provides the electrons needed for the reduction of carbon compounds in the Calvin cycle.

• NADPH is used to absorb sunlight during the light-dependent reactions.

• NADPH is involved in the synthesis of chlorophyll in plants.

What are C3 plants?

• Plants that use the Calvin cycle for the initial steps of carbon fixation, resulting in a three-carbon compound.

• Plants that primarily use the C4 pathway for carbon fixation.

• Plants that thrive in arid environments and have adapted to conserve water.

• Plants that perform photosynthesis at night to reduce water loss.

Where in a chloroplast is the highest concentration of protons found?

• In the stroma of the chloroplast.

• In the lumen of the thylakoid.

• In the outer membrane of the chloroplast.

• In the intermembrane space of the chloroplast.