Respiration Quiz 2

A healthy, 45-year-old man is reading the newspaper. Which of the following muscles are used for quiet breathing?

• Diaphragm

• Internal intercostals muscles

• Abdominal muscles

• sternomastoid muscle

A healthy, 25-year-old student participates in a 10-km charity run Which of the following muscles does the student use (contract) during forced expiration?

• Scaleni

• Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

• Internal intercostals and abdominal muscles

• Diaphragm only

A patient with chronic hyperinsulinism is at higher risk for respiratory complications. How does hyperinsulinism affect pulmonary function?

• It stimulates surfactant production

• It enhances lung recoil by promoting elastin fiber synthesis

• It inhibits surfactant secretion, increasing alveolar surface tension

• It reduces pulmonary edema by decreasing alveolar interdependence.

Which of the following activities is primarily controlled by the cerebral cortex?

• Breathing during sleep

• Singing

• Automatic breathing during exercise

• Breathing during anesthesia

Which of the following is responsible for generating the basic rhythm of breathing?

• Pneumotaxic center

• Apneustic center

• Pre-Bottzinger complex

• Ventral respiratory group

What is the primary function of the pneumotaxic center?

• To stimulate prolonged inspiration

• To regulate voluntary breathing

• To activate expiratory muscles

• To inhibit the apneustic center and switch off inspiration

The primary function of the Hering-Breuer reflex is

• To stimulate inspiration during exercise

• To activate the apneustic center

• To prevent overinflation of the lungs

• To regulate voluntary breathing

The primary effect of the apneustic center on respiration is

• It inhibits inspiration

• It activates expiratory muscles

• It regulates voluntary breathing

• It maintains prolonged inspiration

Why do the inspiratory centers of one side control inspiratory muscle contraction in both sides?

• Due to bilateral association at the level of the medulla

• Due to unilateral innervation of respiratory muscles

• Due to the function of the pneumotaxic center

• Due to the role of the cerebral cortex

The medullary respiratory center which contains inspiratory neurons only is

• Ventral respiratory group

• Apneustic center

• Dorsal respiratory group

• Pnumotaxic center