What is a key advantage of batch culture systems?

• Continuous harvesting

• Simplicity and flexibility

• Stable cell quality

• High complexity

What is characteristic of continuous culture methods?

• Nutrient depletion over time

• Single nutrient addition

• Regular nutrient addition and harvesting

• Partial harvesting

Which method involves partial periodic harvesting?

• Semi-continuous culture

• Continuous culture

• Closed culture

• Batch culture

In algal growth curves, the stationary phase is characterized by:

• Equal growth and death rate

• Rapid decline

• Initial slow growth

• Rapid cell growth

Which of the following measures algae biomass directly?

• Dry weight measurement

• Turbidity

• Chlorophyll content

• pH measurement

Which method involves counting cells using a microscope?

• Chlorophyll content

• Turbidity measurement

• Dry weight measurement

• Direct counting

Which culture system provides algae of predictable quality?

• Batch culture

• Open pond culture

• Semi-continuous culture

• Continuous culture

What does turbidity measurement indicate in algal cultures?

• Chlorophyll content

• Cell viability

• Cell size

• Cell density

What is a limitation of batch culture systems?

• Nutrient depletion

• Continuous harvesting

• Complex equipment

• High cost

Which phase of algal growth includes initial adjustment to new conditions?

• Stationary phase

• Log phase

• Decline phase

• Lag phase