Genetic Code and Mutations

Front

What is the process in which cells make proteins?

Back

Protein synthesis occurs in two stages: (1) transcription of DNA and (2) translation of mRNA.

Front

What is a mutation caused by an insertion or deletion of one or more DNA or RNA nucleotides that changes the reading frame of the genetic material?

Back

Frameshift mutation.

Front

What is a sequence of three nitrogenous bases in mRNA that correspond to an amino acid or a stop sequence?

Back

Codon.

Front

What term describes a spiral twisted structure?

Back

Helix.

Front

What type of RNA brings amino acids to ribosomes where they are joined together to form proteins?

Back

tRNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

What is a point mutation?

Back

A mutation that involves a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

Back

rRNA is a component of ribosomes and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.