Observational & Experimental Studies & Bias

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a research method where the researcher observes and records behavior or outcomes without manipulating any variables.

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What is an experiment?

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An experiment is a research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a dependent variable.

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What is bias in research?

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Bias refers to systematic errors in data collection, analysis, interpretation, or review that can lead to incorrect conclusions.

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What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

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Random assignment helps ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, reducing bias and increasing the validity of the results.

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What is a treatment in the context of an experiment?

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A treatment is the specific condition or intervention applied to participants in an experiment to observe its effects.

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

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Qualitative data is descriptive and conceptual, while quantitative data is numerical and can be measured.

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What is a control group?

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A control group is a group of participants in an experiment that does not receive the treatment, used as a benchmark to measure the effects of the treatment.

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What is a variable in research?

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A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types and can affect the outcome of a study.

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What is a case study?

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A case study is an in-depth analysis of a single individual, group, event, or situation to explore complex issues in real-life contexts.

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What is a survey in research?

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A survey is a research method that involves asking participants questions to gather data about their opinions, behaviors, or characteristics.