Spain's Ancient Frescoes Revived with Bacteria

What is the function of the sentence “The glues used to attach paintings were difficult to remove and had begun causing damage” within the passage?

• It provides historical background about old painting techniques.

• It introduces a problem that the bacteria method is designed to solve.

• It describes how Bosch initially became interested in restoration.

• It explains why Roig was hesitant to support the new technique.

What can be inferred about Bosch’s technique from its ability to remove both glue and graffiti?

• It can only be used on artwork from the 18th century.

• It is more effective than traditional cleaning tools.

• It may have broader applications beyond art restoration.

• It damages surfaces that are not painted with protein glue.

Which word best describes the author's tone in this passage?

• Critical

• Objective

• Enthusiastic

• Skeptical

How does the second paragraph relate to the first?

• It explains the scientific process mentioned in the first.

• It contrasts a failed method with a successful one.

• It offers a timeline of how the technique was developed.

• It introduces a new topic unrelated to the first paragraph.

Which of the following best captures a deeper theme of the passage?

• Traditional techniques should always be preserved.

• The best scientific innovations are often accidental.

• Collaboration between disciplines can lead to meaningful breakthroughs.

• Art restoration should avoid biological methods.

Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct.

• The mural was restore with bacteria that breaks down glue.

• The murals has been restored by using enzymes.

• Several paintings have been restored using a bacteria-based method.

• Scientists have restore many artworks in Spain and Italy.

Choose the sentence that best shows the correct sequence of past events.

• She learned about the study after she had applied for her PhD.

• She had started her PhD after discovering the study.

• She discovered the study before she had decided on a topic.

• She decided on her topic after she had discovered the study.

The method ___ uses bacteria to clean artworks has been applied across Europe.

• who

• that

• which

• where

Choose the sentence that is the most natural and correct in English.

• The scientists put bacteria on the wall, and it producing enzymes.

• After the scientists applied the gel, they waited three hours.

• Applying bacteria, the glue was removing.

• The bacteria spread, and then producing something to break glue.

Which part of the sentence is incorrect?

Bosch and Roig developed a method that uses bacteria (A) to clean glue, (B) and spread it over the artwork (C) to be restore safely. (D)

• A

• B

• C

• D