CCRA Unit 2 Review

Which early 1900s group is best characterized by this list? • Overcrowded tenement apartments • Dangerous working conditions • Segregated ethnic neighborhoods

• Migrant laborers in mining towns

• Inner-city political machines

• Immigrants in urban areas

• Labor union leaders

Answer explanation

The list describes conditions faced by immigrants in urban areas during the early 1900s, including overcrowded tenements, poor working conditions, and ethnic segregation, making 'Immigrants in urban areas' the correct choice.

The information is most closely associated with which immigrant group? • Increasingly began migrating to California in the 1850s • Worked in the mines • Made up a large percentage of workers on western end of Transcontinental Railroad • Set up large, thriving communities in the San Francisco area

• Chinese

• Irish

• German

• Italian

Answer explanation

The information describes the Chinese immigrant group, who migrated to California in the 1850s, worked in mines, contributed significantly to the Transcontinental Railroad, and established thriving communities in San Francisco.

Use the table below to answer the question. Which factor best explains the change shown in this table?

• increased educational opportunities

• greater access to health care

• increased demand for industrial workers

• greater chances for social equality

Answer explanation

The table likely reflects a shift in labor needs, indicating that the increased demand for industrial workers is the primary factor driving the changes observed, as industries expanded and required more labor.

What is the main reason for the enactment of these laws: Chinese Exclusion Act of 1888, Quota Act of 1921, National Origins Act of 1924?

• worker shortages

• anti-immigrant backlash

• international trade

• regional conflict

Answer explanation

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1888, Quota Act of 1921, and National Origins Act of 1924 were primarily responses to anti-immigrant backlash, reflecting societal fears and prejudices against certain immigrant groups.

Which reason explains why Americans living in the western United States supported the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882?

• concern about competition for limited jobs

• demand for the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad

• concern about increasing prices of exported goods

• demand for the reduction of federal tariff rates

Answer explanation

Americans in the western U.S. feared competition for limited jobs, particularly from Chinese immigrants who were willing to work for lower wages, leading to support for the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.

Use the list to answer the question. - Pools - Trusts - Mergers - Monopolies What effect did these business practices have on the United States during the late nineteenth century?

• They protected the wages of skilled workers.

• They encouraged the racial integration of industry.

• They increased the level of competition in the free market.

• They allowed business owners to control certain industries.

Answer explanation

During the late nineteenth century, practices like pools, trusts, and monopolies allowed business owners to dominate specific industries, reducing competition and enabling them to set prices and control markets.

During the late nineteenth century Social Darwinism justified which situation?

• passage of antitrust legislation

• the uneven distribution of wealth

• passage of social welfare reform

• the spoils system in politics

Answer explanation

During the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinism was used to rationalize the uneven distribution of wealth, suggesting that the wealthy were naturally superior and more fit to succeed, while the poor were seen as less deserving.

Which of the following examples reflects the philosophy of the “Gospel of Wealth”?

• Carnegie expands his steel monopoly.

• Carnegie establishes libraries throughout the nation.

• Rockefeller expands his oil monopoly.

• Rockefeller funds presidential candidates.

Answer explanation

The "Gospel of Wealth" advocates for the wealthy to use their fortunes for the greater good. Carnegie establishing libraries reflects this philosophy by promoting education and public welfare, unlike the other choices focused on personal gain.

Which innovations in the second Industrial Revolution transformed the nature of economic activity in the United States?

• railroads and assembly lines

• phonographs and motion pictures

• monopolies and high tariffs

• telephones and typewriters

Answer explanation

Railroads expanded transportation networks, facilitating trade and movement of goods. Assembly lines revolutionized manufacturing, increasing efficiency and production speed, both crucial for economic growth during the second Industrial Revolution.

What was Henry Ford’s main contribution to U.S. industry?

• inventing rubber tires

• supporting worker safety laws

• perfecting the combustion engine

• introducing the assembly line

Answer explanation

Henry Ford's main contribution to U.S. industry was introducing the assembly line, which revolutionized manufacturing by increasing efficiency and reducing production costs, making automobiles more accessible to the public.