Rapid advances in science and technology in the 19th and 20th centuries fostered the development of several overlapping systems of units of measurements as scientists improvised to meet the practical needs of their disciplines. The early international system devised to rectify this situation was called the metre-kilogram-second (MKS) system. The CGPM added three new units (among others) in 1948: a unit of force (the newton), defined as that force which gives to a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second per second; a unit of energy (the joule), defined as the work done when the point of application of a newton is displaced one metre in the direction of the force; and a unit of power (the watt), which is the power that in one second gives rise to energy of one joule. All three units are named for eminent scientists.

1. 1. What was the purpose of developing the metre-kilogram-second (MKS) system?

• To replace the metric system entirely

• To simplify international trade

• To meet the practical needs of scientists and unify measurement systems

• To measure temperature more accurately

Rapid advances in science and technology in the 19th and 20th centuries fostered the development of several overlapping systems of units of measurements as scientists improvised to meet the practical needs of their disciplines. The early international system devised to rectify this situation was called the metre-kilogram-second (MKS) system. The CGPM added three new units (among others) in 1948: a unit of force (the newton), defined as that force which gives to a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second per second; a unit of energy (the joule), defined as the work done when the point of application of a newton is displaced one metre in the direction of the force; and a unit of power (the watt), which is the power that in one second gives rise to energy of one joule. All three units are named for eminent scientists.

2. 2. Which three units were added by the CGPM in 1948?

• Ampere, volt, and ohm

• Newton, joule, and watt

• Kilogram, metre, and second

• Calorie, litre, and hertz

Rapid advances in science and technology in the 19th and 20th centuries fostered the development of several overlapping systems of units of measurements as scientists improvised to meet the practical needs of their disciplines. The early international system devised to rectify this situation was called the metre-kilogram-second (MKS) system. The CGPM added three new units (among others) in 1948: a unit of force (the newton), defined as that force which gives to a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second per second; a unit of energy (the joule), defined as the work done when the point of application of a newton is displaced one metre in the direction of the force; and a unit of power (the watt), which is the power that in one second gives rise to energy of one joule. All three units are named for eminent scientists.

3. How is one newton defined in the MKS system?

• The force of gravity on one gram

• The energy used to move one kilogram a metre

• The force that gives a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second squared

• The power that results in one joule of energy

Rapid advances in science and technology in the 19th and 20th centuries fostered the development of several overlapping systems of units of measurements as scientists improvised to meet the practical needs of their disciplines. The early international system devised to rectify this situation was called the metre-kilogram-second (MKS) system. The CGPM added three new units (among others) in 1948: a unit of force (the newton), defined as that force which gives to a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second per second; a unit of energy (the joule), defined as the work done when the point of application of a newton is displaced one metre in the direction of the force; and a unit of power (the watt), which is the power that in one second gives rise to energy of one joule. All three units are named for eminent scientists.

4. What does one watt represent?

• The power that in one second produces one joule of energy

• The force that moves one kilogram

• IThe speed of light in a vacuum

• The pressure exerted by one newton

Rapid advances in science and technology in the 19th and 20th centuries fostered the development of several overlapping systems of units of measurements as scientists improvised to meet the practical needs of their disciplines. The early international system devised to rectify this situation was called the metre-kilogram-second (MKS) system. The CGPM added three new units (among others) in 1948: a unit of force (the newton), defined as that force which gives to a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second per second; a unit of energy (the joule), defined as the work done when the point of application of a newton is displaced one metre in the direction of the force; and a unit of power (the watt), which is the power that in one second gives rise to energy of one joule. All three units are named for eminent scientists.

5. What is the meaning of the word "fostered" as used in the sentence “Rapid advances in science and technology in the 19th and 20th centuries fostered the development…”?

• Delayed

• Encouraged or promoted

• stopped

• questioned

Please read the text below and answer the following question .

The essential process in the biosphere, the portion of Earth in which life can occur, that has permitted the evolution of life as it now exists is the conversion by green plants of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into carbohydrates, using light energy from the Sun. This process, called photosynthesis, results in both the release of oxygen gas into the atmosphere and the transformation of light energy into the chemical energy of carbohydrates. The energy stored by plants during the formation of carbohydrates is used by animals to carry out mechanical work and to perform biosynthetic activities. During photosynthesis, an immediate phosphorous-containing product known as 3-phosphoglyceric acid is formed. This compound then is transformed into cell wall components such as cellulose, varying amounts of sucrose, and starch—depending on the plant type—and a wide variety of polysaccharides, other than cellulose and starch, that function as essential structural components.

6. What is the main idea of the text ?

• biosphere
• photosynthesis
• carbohydrates
• 3-phosphoglyceric acid

Please read the text below and answer the following question .

The essential process in the biosphere, the portion of Earth in which life can occur, that has permitted the evolution of life as it now exists is the conversion by green plants of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into carbohydrates, using light energy from the Sun. This process, called photosynthesis, results in both the release of oxygen gas into the atmosphere and the transformation of light energy into the chemical energy of carbohydrates. The energy stored by plants during the formation of carbohydrates is used by animals to carry out mechanical work and to perform biosynthetic activities. During photosynthesis, an immediate phosphorous-containing product known as 3-phosphoglyceric acid is formed. This compound then is transformed into cell wall components such as cellulose, varying amounts of sucrose, and starch—depending on the plant type—and a wide variety of polysaccharides, other than cellulose and starch, that function as essential structural components.

7. What is name of substance that animals use to do mechanical work and biosynthetic activities ?

• biosphere
• photosynthesis
• carbohydrates
• 3-phosphoglyceric acid

8. Ani: What ____________ you study?

Rudi: Science.

• are
• is
• do
• does

9. The atom is the ________________ building block of chemistry.

• basically
• basicaly
• basic
• basis

10. Atom, smallest unit into which matter can be divided without the release of electrically charged particles. ____________ also is the smallest unit of matter that has the characteristic properties of a chemical element.

• they
• he
• she
• it