4.5b Theories of personality

Self

• Your conscious awareness of who you are.

• A collection of memories and experiences.

• A social construct defined by others.

• An illusion created by the mind.

Hierarchy of Needs

• Maslow's pyramid of motivations, from basic needs to self-actualization.

• A theory that suggests people are motivated by a series of hierarchical needs.

• A model that categorizes needs into physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

• A framework for understanding economic motivations in society.

Trait Theory

• Focuses on stable personality characteristics.

• Emphasizes situational factors in behavior.

• Suggests personality is entirely shaped by environment.

• Ignores individual differences in behavior.

Self-Actualization

• Reaching your full potential.

• Achieving financial success.

• Gaining social popularity.

• Acquiring extensive knowledge.

Humanistic Theories

• Focus on personal growth and potential.

• Emphasize the role of unconscious processes.

• Prioritize behavioral responses to stimuli.

• Stress the importance of social learning.

Self-Transcendence

• Focusing beyond oneself.

• Prioritizing personal gain.

• Avoiding social interactions.

• Focusing solely on personal achievements.

Self-Concept

• How you perceive and evaluate yourself.

• A measure of your physical appearance.

• The opinions of others about you.

• A reflection of your social status.

Unconditional Positive Regard

• Acceptance without judgment.

• Conditional acceptance based on behavior.

• Acceptance with some reservations.

• Complete rejection of negative behaviors.