Myelodysplastic Syndromes

What is the etiology of the MDS conditions except?

• Genetic factors

• Environmental factors

• Infectious agents

• Vitamin overdoses

What are the morphologic abnormalities associated with the condition?

• Abnormal cell shapes

• Increased cell size

• Decreased cell number

• Normal morphology

How is a differential diagnosis made for the condition?

• By CBC results and patient history

• Based on symptoms

• By using a selection of treatments

The condition is associated with which abnormal cellular functions?

• Increased cell proliferation

• Decreased cell apoptosis

• Altered cell signaling

• All of the above

Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms are a group of diseases that involve:

• Abnormal growth of blood cells in the bone marrow & peripheral blood

• Infections in the lymphatic system

• Degeneration of nerve cells in the brain

• Inflammation of the joints

These RBC inclusions could be seen as a result of MDS except.

• Basophilic Stippling

• Siderocytes

• Howell-Jolly bodies

• Dohle bodies

What is the prognosis for the condition?

• The prognosis is generally good with treatment & caught early.

• The prognosis is poor regardless of treatment.

• The prognosis is uncertain and varies.

• The prognosis is excellent without any treatment.

What treatment options are available for the condition?

• Medication

• Surgery

• Therapy

• All of the above

What were Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) previously known as?

• Refractory anemia

• Smoldering leukemia

• Oligoblastic leukemia

• All of the above

MDSs are a group of acquired disorders characterized by progressive cytopenias in peripheral blood. What defects do they exhibit?

• Defects in erythroid, myeloid and/or megakaryocytic maturation of cells

• Defects in lymphoid cell maturation

• Defects in neural cell development

• Defects in muscular cell growth