DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

What is the structure of DNA?

• Single helix made of amino acids.

• Double helix made of nucleotides.

• Triple helix made of proteins.

• Linear strand made of sugars.

What are codons?

• Sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify an amino acid.

• Single nucleotides that form the backbone of DNA.

• Pairs of amino acids that create proteins.

• Groups of four nucleotides that code for a single protein.

What is a mutation?

• A change in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis.

• A type of cell division that produces identical cells.

• A process that leads to the formation of new species.

• A method of DNA replication that ensures accuracy.

RNA contains which bases?

• adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine

• adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine

• adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine

• cytosine, guanine, uracil, thymine

What is the function of tRNA?

• To transport amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

• To synthesize proteins directly in the ribosome.

• To carry genetic information from DNA to RNA.

• To catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

• They facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

• They store genetic information.

• They synthesize lipids and carbohydrates.

• They transport amino acids to the ribosome.

What are the building blocks of proteins?

• Nucleotides

• Fatty acids

• Amino acids

• Monosaccharides

How many amino acids are there?

• 18

• 20

• 22

• 24

What is translation?

• The process of converting mRNA into a sequence of amino acids to form a protein.

• The process of converting DNA into mRNA.

• The process of synthesizing lipids from carbohydrates.

• The process of breaking down proteins into amino acids.

mRNA is made in the process called....

• translation

• replication

• transcription

• mutation