3.2 Study Guide

Who was Charlemagne?

• A powerful king of the Franks who expanded his territory across much of Western Europe.

• A famous Roman Emperor known for his philosophical writings.

• A legendary Greek hero from the Trojan War.

• A renowned Egyptian pharaoh who built the Great Pyramid.

Why is Charlemagne significant?

• Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as Emperor, marking the beginning of the Holy Roman Empire, symbolizing the close alliance between the Catholic Church and European rulers.

• He was the first king to unite all of the Frankish tribes under one ruler.

• Charlemagne was known for his philosophical writings and contributions to medieval literature.

• He was a famous explorer who discovered new lands in the Americas.

What is Feudalism?

• A social and political system where land was exchanged for service and loyalty.

• A modern economic system based on free markets.

• A form of government where power is held by a single individual.

• A religious movement that began in the 16th century.

What is the key concept regarding the Pope's crowning of Charlemagne?

• The Pope’s crowning of Charlemagne showed the Church’s influence in legitimizing rulers.

• The Pope’s crowning of Charlemagne was a purely ceremonial act with no political implications.

• The Pope’s crowning of Charlemagne marked the beginning of the Renaissance.

• The Pope’s crowning of Charlemagne was opposed by the nobility.

Describe the Structure of Feudal Society as shown in the diagram.

• The king was at the top, followed by nobles, knights, and peasants.

• Peasants were at the top, followed by knights, nobles, and the king.

• Knights were at the top, followed by peasants, nobles, and the king.

• Nobles were at the top, followed by the king, knights, and peasants.

How did people view William I?

• With their eyes.

• He was seen as a powerful and fair leader.

• He's politics were aimed to enrich England and many believed he was doing the right thing.

• • Some historical accounts describe him as greedy and oppressive, especially toward the poor.

What helped Japan resist Mongol conquest?

• They had a strong and mighty army at their disposal.

• Natural disasters, especially typhoons, helped prevent successful Mongol invasions—this became known in Japan as “kamikaze” or “divine wind.”

  
  

• Their military prowess lead to great results in the battle field.

• They didn't had to worry—the mongol rule was weak in comparison to them.

What is Cultural Diffusion?

• The spread of ideas, religions, technologies, and customs from one culture to another.

• The spread of documents to show new owners their land.

• When a person sends out messages in the hopes of learning new things.

• A way of thinking.

Explain the origins of Japanese Buddhism.

• Japanese Buddhism originated from China through the Korean Peninsula.

• Japanese Buddhism was founded independently in Japan.

• Japanese Buddhism originated from India directly.

• Japanese Buddhism was a result of European influence.

What happened after the Roman Empire collapsed?

• The Roman Empire was immediately replaced by another empire.

• • Europe fragmented into smaller kingdoms and territories without central rule.

• The Roman Empire continued to thrive in a different form.

• The collapse had no significant impact on Europe.