Amino Acids and Protein Structure

Which of the following is true about the alpha carbon in most amino acids found in proteins?

• It is bonded to two identical groups.

• It is not bonded to a hydrogen atom.

• It is a chiral center.

• It is only bonded to the amino and acid groups.

What type of reaction occurs when two amino acids join together?

• Hydrolysis

• Oxidation

• Condensation

• Reduction

Which level of protein structure refers to the order in which amino acids are joined together?

• Secondary structure

• Tertiary structure

• Quaternary structure

• Primary structure

Hydrogen bonds are a key stabilizing force in which level(s) of protein structure?

• Primary structure only

• Tertiary structure only

• Secondary structure and quaternary structure

• Primary and tertiary structure

What is the effect of increasing substrate concentration on enzyme activity, assuming enzyme concentration is constant?

• It always decreases enzyme activity.

• It has no effect on enzyme activity.

• It increases enzyme activity until the enzymes become saturated.

• It causes the enzyme to denature.

Amino acids contain an amino group (-NH₃⁺) and a(n) _______ group (-COO⁻) bonded to a central alpha carbon.

There are _______ amino acids that are classified as essential because they must be obtained from our diet.

The product formed when two amino acids undergo a condensation reaction is called a(n) _______.

The alpha helix and beta-pleated sheets are examples of protein _______ structure.

Enzymes lower the _______ energy of a reaction, making the reaction faster.