Period 1 Vocab Quiz

Aztecs

• A Native American tribe from the Great Plains known for buffalo hunting

• A nomadic tribe in the Arctic

• A Mesoamerican empire known for its capital Tenochtitlán and conquest by Cortés

• A South American group that practiced terrace farming in the Andes

Incas

• A desert-dwelling people known for irrigation canals

• An empire in the Andes Mountains known for road systems and conquered by Pizarro

• A coastal tribe in present-day California

• A nomadic group from the Mississippi Valley

Mayans

• A nomadic tribe of hunters and gatherers in Canada

• A Mesoamerican civilization known for its calendar, astronomy, and glyph writing

• A Caribbean island people wiped out by disease

• A farming tribe from the Great Lakes region

Maize Cultivation

• Raising livestock for trade

• Using fish as fertilizer for farming

• Growing corn, a staple crop that supported population growth in Mesoamerica

• Cultivating beans and squash in desert regions

Columbian Exchange

• The trade of African slaves between Europe and Asia

• The transfer of people, animals, plants, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds

• A military alliance between European powers

• A peace treaty signed by Spain and Portugal

Treaty of Tordesillas

• A document ending the French and Indian War

• A religious pact between Catholics and Protestants

• A 1494 agreement dividing New World lands between Spain and Portugal

• An early U.S. treaty with Native Americans

Spanish Conquistadors

• Missionaries seeking to convert Muslims in Spain

• Spanish merchants in the Atlantic trade system

• Spanish soldiers who explored and conquered Native empires in the Americas

• Priests who founded Catholic universities

Encomiendas

• Trade posts along the Silk Road

• Land grants that allowed Spanish settlers to extract forced labor from Native Americans

• Spanish weapons used in conquest

• Coastal cities built by the Portuguese

Catholic Missions

• Government-run trading outposts

• Settlements where Native Americans were converted to Christianity and taught Spanish culture

• Spanish military forts

• Rebellions led by Native priests

Casta System

• A system of racial classification in Spanish colonies based on ancestry

• A farming rotation system in Mexico

• A social pyramid used in the Inca Empire

• A caste system in Portuguese Africa