Which of the following regions is NOT listed as one of the six different hearths where the 1st Urban Revolution occurred?

• Mesopotamia

• Nile River

• Amazon Basin

• Indus River Valley

What is meant by "independent invention" in the context of the 1st Urban Revolution?

• A single hearth influencing others

• Multiple hearths developing without contact

• Innovations spreading through trade

• A single culture dominating others

What is a "hearth" in the context of cultural geography?

• A type of ancient building

• A place where an innovation originates

• A region known for its climate

• A type of agricultural practice

What is one of the effects of the 1st Urban Revolution?

• Decline in population clusters

• Creation of cities

• Decrease in food surplus

• Reduction in social stratification

What does the term "site" refer to in geography?

• The economic activities of a place

• The physical characteristics of a place

• The cultural practices of a region

• The political boundaries of a country

How does Istanbul's situation benefit its trade?

• Its location in the mountains

• Its position beside the sea

• Its proximity to the desert

• Its isolation from other cities

What is urbanization?

• The concentration of people in rural areas

• The concentration of people in urban areas

• The movement of people to rural areas

• The decrease in city populations

How does economic development influence urbanization?

• It discourages people from moving to cities

• It leads to fewer non-farming jobs in cities

• It causes people to come to the city for non-farming jobs

• It reduces the need for infrastructure

What role does infrastructure play in urbanization?

• It limits the expansion of cities

• It is unrelated to a city's economy

• It allows a city to expand and become more connected

• It decreases globalization

What is a consequence of rapid rural to urban migration?

• Decrease in urban population

• Increase in farming jobs

• Concentration of people in cities

• Decline in factory jobs