Types and Properties of Waves Lesson 1 and 2 review

1. 1. Certain jets can actually fly faster than the speed of sound waves, which is approximately 1223 kilometers (760 miles) per hour! When jets fly that fast, they “break the sound barrier” and create another type of wave known as a shock wave.

Which of the following best describes what happens when shock waves travel through air, given that shock waves and sound waves have similar properties?

• . The air particles compress and expand, forming the periodic motion of a wave

• The air particles are moved around without transferring energy.

• The air particles do not return to their approximate starng positions.

• The air particles and shock waves travel in perpendicular directions.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

2. 2. AM and FM radio stations use different technologies, but both transmit signals using radio waves. Radio waves are not mechanical waves, but are modeled using the same mathematical features. AM stands for amplitude modulation, and operates by changing the amplitude of the signal wave for different sounds. FM stands for frequency modulation and makes variations in the signal waves frequency for different sounds.

Below are two diagrams showing wave patterns. Based on the diagrams and the properties of wave patterns, which statement best states the difference between AM and FM signals?

• Figure 2 shows a combination of AM and FM.

• Figure 1 shows a combination of AM and FM

• Figure 1 shows FM and Figure 2 shows AM

• Figure 1 shows AM and Figure 2 shows FM

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1

3. 3. A tuning fork, which produces a sound with 261.6 Hz, is struck and placed on a long slender gold rod. The sound waves travel through both the air and through the gold. The speed of sound in gold is about 10 times faster than the speed of sound in air.

Based on the wave relationship “wave speed = frequency × wavelength”, which of the following statements best describes the sound waves in each material?

• The wavelength of the sound in the air will be about 10 times longer than the wavelength in the gold.

• The frequency of the sound in the gold will be about 10 times greater than the wavelength in the air.

• The wavelength of the sound in the gold will be about 10 times longer than the wavelength in the air

• The frequency of the sound in the air will be about 10 times greater than the wavelength in the gold.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

4. 4. Earthquakes can cause damage devastating enough to wipe out entire cities. When an earthquake happens, two different types of seismic waves occur: P waves and S waves.

A diagram showing how the two waves differ is provided below.

Based on the provided diagram, which of the following correctly identifies P-waves and S-waves?

• P-waves and S-waves are both longitudinal waves

• P-waves are longitudinal waves, while S-waves are transverse waves

• P-waves are transverse waves, while S-waves are longitudinal waves.

• P-waves and S-waves are both transverse waves.

5. 5. The GPS, or Global Positioning System, uses waves from several different satellites to pinpoint a locaon on Earth. To do this, a GPS receiver must find the distance to at least four different satellites. Although not mechanical, the waves from satellites are modeled using the same properties. The receiver uses the mathematical properties of these waves to determine each distance.

If the number of wave cycles is known, what other wave property is sufficient (is enough) to calculate the distance that the signal of the wave travelled from a given satellite to the receiver?

• the wave length, by multiplying the wavelength by the number of wave cycles

• the amplitude, by multiplying the amplitude by the number of wave cycles

• the frequency, by multiplying the frequency by the number of wave cycles

• the wave speed, by multiplying the wave speed by the number of wave cycles

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

6. 6. Humans aren’t the only organisms capable of “doing the wave.” When threatened, giant honey bees will momentarily arch their bodies and flick their wings. This sets off a ripple across the entire bee colony, which looks like a miniature version of “doing the wave”!

Which of the following best describes this type of behavior seen in bees?

• The bees’ movement is similar to the moon of particles in a surface wave.

• This type of behavior cannot be described in terms of waves

• The wave pulse travels through the bees as its medium

• The bees transfer matter using this wave pulse

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

6. 7. Surface waves are most commonly observed in water waves, but they can also be observed in other mediums like Earth’s crust during an earthquake.

Which of the following best describes the motion of a particle moved by a surface wave?

• perpendicular to the wave’s direction

• random and all over the place

• parallel to the wave’s direction

• circular about a fixed position

8. 8. Scientists and engineers use graphs and mathematical values to model wave patterns. A group of students adjusted a wave tank to create waves as shown in this graph.

Using data from the graph, which of the following statements best describes the amplitude of the waves they made?

• The amplitude is 2, because it goes up to 1 and down to -1

• The amplitude is 2, because it crosses the x-axis at 0, 2, 4, 6, etc

• The amplitude is 4, because it repeats starng at 0, 4, 8, 12, etc.

• The amplitude is 1, because it goes up to 1 and down to -1

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

9. 9. Provided below is a diagram showing the motion of air particles as sound waves traveling through the air as caused by an audio speaker.

10. Which of the following is transferred through the sound waves shown above?

• both energy and air particles

• air particles

• neither energy or air particles

• energy

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

10. 10. For a class assignment, a group of students were directed to create two different waves. There was a requirement: the two waves needed to share at least one property which was exactly the same, and at least one property which was different.

11. After graphing their results, as shown below, they believed they had successfully completed the assignment.

12. Based on the information provided in the graph, the students were

• not successful, because the two waves do not have any properties that are the same.

• not successful, because the two waves do not have any properties that are different.

• successful, because the wavelengths are the same and the amplitudes are different.

• successful, because the amplitudes are the same and the wavelengths are different.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1