Unit 3 Review

Which scenario best explains the process of assimilation?

• A family immigrates to a new country, settles near others from their homeland, and conducts most of their day-to-day activities within their ethnic neighborhood.

• Despite the large number of historic churches in France, many French identify as nonreligious and believe that religion is a private matter.

• The island of Mauritius has large populations of Christians, Hindus, and Muslims. The constitution of Mauritius prohibits discrimination and protects freedom of religion.

• The American government educated Native American children in American-style boarding schools. All of the children were taught English, and girls were taught how to be homemakers.

• Hinduism diffused from India to Bali, where it blended with traditional Balinese beliefs to create a form of Hinduism unique to Bali.

Answer explanation

Assimilation refers to traits of a less-dominant culture fading away as an individual becomes part of a more-dominant culture. The American government tried to assimilate Native Americans in various ways, including sending Native American children to boarding schools where they were taught English and the ways of American culture

Which of the following best explains how Christianity became the dominant religion in the Philippines?

• Christianity was brought to the Philippines through relocation diffusion when the Spanish colonized the Philippines in the sixteenth century.

• Christianity entered the Philippines through the ministry of representatives from the Russian Orthodox church.

• A secondary hearth for Christianity arose in the Philippines in the twelfth century, and since that time Christianity has remained the dominant religion in the Philippines.

• Christianity entered the Philippines through contagious diffusion because of its proximity to Indonesia.

• Export-oriented logging companies from Japan brought Christianity to the Philippines during the twentieth century.

Answer explanation

The Spanish brought Christianity to the Philippines in the sixteenth century during colonization of the islands through the process of relocation diffusion.

Christianity has expanded through repeated patterns of relocation diffusion to spread to the Americas. Which of the following explains the impacts of this diffusion on Christianity in the Americas?

• It led to the establishment of diverse Christian denominations.

• It caused a decline in the number of Christian followers.

• It resulted in the unification of all Christian practices.

• It restricted the spread of Christianity to only certain regions.

Answer explanation

During relocation diffusion, cultural ideas and practices are often modified as a result of geographic change. Christianity has taken on different forms, and multiple denominations are found in the Americas.

Christianity has expanded through repeated patterns of relocation diffusion to spread to the Americas. Which of the following explains the impacts of this diffusion on Christianity in the Americas?

• The repeated relocations have resulted in a wide diversity of Christian religious beliefs and practices.

• The repeated relocations have resulted in a single form of Christian religious beliefs and practices.

• The repeated relocations have resulted in a decline in the size of the Christian population.

• The repeated relocations have resulted in a single ethnic Christian population.

• The repeated relocations have resulted in a small number of ethnic Christian populations.

Answer explanation

During relocation diffusion, cultural ideas and practices are often modified as a result of geographic change. Christianity has taken on different forms, and multiple denominations are found in the Americas.

Which of the following describes the process of creolization?

• The mix of Native American, African, and European influences to create new cultural forms

• The representations of Spanish, Portuguese, and French linguistic culture on the landscape of Latin America

• The layering of the European cultural landscape over the Native American landscape

• The exchange of crops and animals between the Old World and the New World

• The adoption of Native American toponyms for place-names of European settlements

Answer explanation

. Creolization is the process of Native American, African, and European cultures combining to create new cultural forms, such as language, food, and religion.

Cultural differences within a country’s population, such as different religions, languages, and ethnicities, have political impacts and can best be described as

• centripetal forces within a state

• centrifugal forces within a state

• the effects of diffusion on the state

• the effects of imperialism on the state

• globalizing forces within a state

The term “cultural diffusion” refers to the

• spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another

• isolation of a culture from outside influences

• creation of a new culture from two or more existing cultures

• destruction of a culture by another

The term “cultural diffusion” refers to the

• modification of Earth’s surface by human actions

• integration of behavioral traits within a group

• spread of an idea or innovation from its source

• relationship between human cultures and their physical environment

• assimilation of a minority culture into the host society

Comparing both photographs, each image shows the significance of temples, religious statuary, and iconography on the

• cultural hearth

• ethnic culture

• traditional toponyms

• cultural landscape

• colonial architecture

Answer explanation

The religious statuary and temple architecture are part of the cultural landscape.

The temples shown in the images, combined with the surrounding scenic physical landscape, have become centers of pilgrimage and tourism. These factors combine to result in enhanced religious expression and local

• placemaking

• spatial analysis

• suburbanization

• technological change

• multiculturalism

Answer explanation

Correct. The cultural, religious, and natural landscape combine to make a unique sense of place.