A/D Converters

Which type of ADC is best suited for high-speed applications such as digital oscilloscopes or radar systems?

• Successive Approximation ADC (SAR)

• Flash ADC

• Dual-Slope ADC

• Sigma-Delta ADC

A Successive Approximation Register (SAR) ADC is commonly used in

• High-end audio equipment

• Low-power embedded systems and microcontrollers

• Medical imaging systems

• Fast RF sampling

In industrial automation, which ADC type is preferred for slow-changing but high-accuracy sensor signals?

• Flash

• Successive Approximation Register

• Delta-Sigma (ΣΔ)

• Dual-Slope

The resolution of an ADC refers to

• The minimum and maximum voltage it can convert

• The smallest voltage difference it can detect

• The speed of conversion

• The sampling rate

An ADC with 12-bit resolution can represent how many discrete levels?

• 1023

• 2048

• 4096

• 8192

In an ADC, LSB (Least Significant Bit) represents:

• The average error

• The noise floor

• The voltage step between adjacent digital codes

• The total number of input levels

INL (Integral Non-Linearity) in ADC specifications refers to:

• The variation in power supply

• The maximum deviation from an ideal transfer curve

• The noise level in analog signal

• The offset from zero

In a control loop system like in motor drives, the ADC is used to:

• Generate PWM signals

• Measure current and feedback voltage

• Store the control algorithm

• Protect against over-temperature

What is a common reason for using an external ADC over an internal microcontroller ADC?

• Lower power consumption

• Simpler interfacing

• Higher resolution, accuracy, and faster speed

• Compatibility with digital sensors

An industrial-grade ADC must typically withstand:

• Only room temperature and lab conditions

• High-speed internet traffic

• Wide temperature ranges, noise, and voltage variations

• Exposure to UV radiation