Government Unit 4/5 Review

Which set best describes the selection and approval process for federal judges?

• A. Nominated by the President
  Senate Judiciary Committee conducts a hearing and votes
  The entire Senate votes
  Judicial nominee is confirmed once he or she receives a majority vote by Senators

• B. Nominated by Senate majority leader
  The Senate holds a hearing and votes
  The House of Representatives holds a hearing and votes
  The President approves and confirms the nominee

• C. Nominated by the Speaker of the House
  The House of Representatives holds a hearing and votes
  The Senate votes
  Judicial nominee is confirmed with ⅔ of Senate vote

• D. Nominated by the President
  The President’s Cabinet votes
  The Senate Judiciary Committee then votes
  The President confirms the nominee

Which courts have the authority to review cases that involve constitutional issues in the United States?

• Local courts and state courts

• State courts and federal courts

• State courts and the Supreme Court

• Federal courts and the Supreme Court

Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court's jurisdiction?

• Cases involving disputes between states and cases appealing constitutional and/or federal law

• Cases involving interpretation of the U.S. Constitution and state laws

• Cases involving interpretation of state and federal laws

• Cases involving disputes with other countries only

What principle was established by the Marbury v. Madison decision?

• The principle that the Supreme Court can appoint judges in the absence of the President.

• The principle of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to invalidate unconstitutional laws.

• The principle that the Supreme Court must always have 9 justices.

• The principle that the Supreme Court can adjudicate on laws from any jurisdiction.

What is the primary method by which cases are selected for review by the Supreme Court?

• The Supreme Court primarily selects cases through original jurisdiction, bypassing the appeals process.

• Cases are mainly selected from federal district courts and the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces.

• The Supreme Court primarily reviews cases from state supreme courts or federal courts of appeals through a writ of certiorari.

• Cases are mainly chosen based on requests from the United States Attorney General or state attorney generals.

What is the term for the written explanation of the Supreme Court's ruling in a case?

• Concurring opinion

• Dissenting opinion

• Majority opinion

• Minority opinion

How many of the Supreme Court's nine justices must agree to hear a case before it can be added to the Court's docket?

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 9

What is the primary distinction between judicial activism and judicial restraint in the context of constitutional interpretation?

• Judicial activism involves judges interpreting the Constitution to reflect contemporary values, while judicial restraint emphasizes sticking to the original text and intent.

• Judicial restraint is about judges making decisions based on their personal beliefs, while judicial activism requires them to follow public opinion.

• Judicial activism is the practice of judges avoiding controversial cases, while judicial restraint involves taking on such cases to set precedents.

• Judicial restraint is the idea of judges actively participating in legislative processes, while judicial activism is about limiting their role to interpreting laws.

What do the 4th, 5th, and 6th Amendments ensure for citizens?

• They ensure that citizens are treated justly by the government according to established laws.

• They ensure the freedom of expression, worship, and assembly.

• They ensure the autonomy of states within the federal framework.

• They ensure the right to possess and carry weapons.

Which amendment ensures equal protection under the law for all citizens?

• 1st Amendment

• 5th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 10th Amendment