SBEQ2523 Variation

What does the term 'variation' commonly refer to in construction contracts?

• A breach of contract

• A change to the originally agreed works

• A penalty for delay

• A new contract agreement

Which of the following is NOT typically a reason for a variation?

• Changes in employer requirements

• Review of design

• Payment delays

• Statutory changes

According to PAM 2018, which clause defines variation?

• Clause 11.0

• Clause 24.0

• Clause 1.1

• Clause 10.3

Who is typically empowered to issue a variation under PAM 2018?

• Contractor

• Employer

• Architect

• Quantity Surveyor

Which clause ensures that variations do not vitiate the contract?

• Clause 11.1

• Clause 11.2

• Clause 11.4

• Clause 24.3

What must accompany the notification of a variation claim under Clause 11.7(a)?

• Site photographs

• Verbal approval

• Preliminary estimate and calculations

• Copy of contract

What is the deadline for submitting a notice of additional expense due to variation?

• 14 days

• 21 days

• 28 days

• 60 days

Who is primarily responsible for valuing variations?

• Architect

• Employer

• Contract Administrator

• Quantity Surveyor

Which of the following is considered an invalid variation?

• Changes to material type

• Genuine omission of work

• Omission to award work to another contractor

• Substitution of work item

What type of work does Clause 11.1(a) include?

• Installation of services

• Additional overhead

• Addition, omission, or substitution of work

• Site handover