Food Webs: Cycling of Matter and Flow of Energy

How does energy transfer between trophic levels?

• Energy transfer is efficient; typically, about 90% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next.

• Energy transfer is inefficient; typically, only about 10% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next.

• Energy transfer is instantaneous; all energy is passed from one trophic level to the next.

• Energy transfer varies greatly; sometimes more than 50% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next.

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What is a trophic level?

• A position in a food chain or food web, defined by how an organism obtains energy.

• A measure of the amount of energy produced in an ecosystem.

• The total number of species in a given habitat.

• A classification of organisms based on their size and shape.

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What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

• A food chain is a complex network of interconnected food chains, while a food web is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass.

• A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass, while a food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains.

• A food chain includes only plants, while a food web includes both plants and animals.

• A food chain is a type of food web that only includes herbivores.

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Can you name an example of a decomposer?

• Worm

• Tree

• Frog

• Eagle

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What process do our bodies use to make energy from food?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Fermentation

• Digestion

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How do consumers differ from producers?

• Consumers create their own energy, while producers obtain energy by eating other organisms.

• Consumers obtain energy by eating other organisms, while producers create their own energy.

• Consumers and producers both obtain energy in the same way.

• Consumers are plants, while producers are animals.

What is an apex consumer?

• A consumer at the top of a food chain.

• A herbivore that feeds on plants.

• A primary consumer that eats producers.

• A scavenger that feeds on dead organisms.

What are the final products of photosynthesis?

• Oxygen and sugar.

• Carbon dioxide and water.

• Glucose and nitrogen.

• Oxygen and starch.

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What is the significance of decomposers in an ecosystem?

• Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the soil.

• Decomposers produce energy through photosynthesis.

• Decomposers compete with producers for sunlight.

• Decomposers are primary consumers that eat plants.

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What happens to energy as it moves up the food chain?

• Energy increases as it moves up the food chain.

• Energy remains constant as it moves up the food chain.

• Energy decreases as it moves up the food chain due to energy loss at each trophic level.

• Energy is completely transferred to the next trophic level.

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