Arkansas 8th Grade Science Fundamentals Review

According to Newton's third law, what happens when two objects interact?

• The force exerted by the first object is greater than the second.

• The force exerted by the first object is less than the second.

• The force exerted by the first object is equal in strength and opposite in direction to the second.

• The force exerted by the first object is unrelated to the second.

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Rosie is pushing a shopping cart at the grocery store. What determines the motion (speed and direction) of the shopping cart?

• The color of the shopping cart.

• The sum of the forces acting on it.

• The temperature of the grocery store.

• The size of the shopping cart.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Patrick and Rosie are playing with a toy car on a track. What must be described in a specified reference frame when discussing the forces and motions of the toy car?

• The color of the toy car.

• The positions and directions of forces and motions.

• The temperature of the room.

• The size of the toy car.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Briley and Gabe are playing with magnets. What can the electromagnetic forces between the magnets be?

• Only attractive.

• Only repulsive.

• Both attractive and repulsive.

• Neither attractive nor repulsive.

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Rosie and Gabe are experimenting with magnets and electric charges in their science class. What affects the size of the electromagnetic forces they observe?

• The color of the objects.

• The magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths.

• The temperature of the environment.

• The size of the objects.

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Aiden and Lexie are observing two planets in space. What is the gravitational force between these two planets?

• Always repulsive.

• Always attractive.

• Sometimes attractive, sometimes repulsive.

• Non-existent.

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Aiden and Lexie are observing how a magnet affects a paperclip from a distance. What can fields that explain forces acting at a distance be mapped by?

• Their color.

• Their effect on a test object.

• Their temperature.

• Their size.

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Aiden and Briley are playing on a swing. What type of energy might the swing system contain?

• Only kinetic energy.

• Only potential energy.

• Both kinetic and potential energy.

• Neither kinetic nor potential energy.

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When Rosie and Lexie shine a flashlight on different objects, what happens to the light?

• It is always absorbed.

• It is always reflected.

• It is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted.

• It disappears.

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Rosie and Gabe are playing with a flashlight in a dark room. They notice how the light beam behaves when it passes through different transparent materials like glass and plastic. How does the light travel through these materials?

• In curved lines.

• In straight lines.

• In zigzag patterns.

• In circular paths.

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