CHAPTER 4: Elements and Groups

Choose the incorrect statement.

• Every element in the Periodic Table has at least 1 proton, 1 electron and 1 neutron.

• “Element” and “kind of atom” are interchangeable terms.

• An element is matter that’s composed of only one kind of atom.

• The nitrogen atom is composed of 7 protons, 7 electrons and 7 neutrons, so in a container holding pure nitrogen, all the atoms in the container will have 7 protons, 7 neutrons and 7 electrons.

• Water is composed of 1 oxygen atom bonded to 2 hydrogen atoms, so the reason that pure water isn’t an element is because it contains more than one kind of atom (meaning it contains more than one kind of element).

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In the Periodic Table, each element is numbered with a number between 1 and 118. What is that number called?

• Atomic number

• Mass number

• Valency

• Isotope number

What element has the atomic number 37?

• Rubidium

• Potassium

• Calcium

• Sodium

The atomic number of an element is the number of protons the element’s atoms contain.

• True

• False

Sulfur is atomic number 16, so, True or False? Sulfur has 16 protons.

• True

• False

Some atoms of oxygen have 8 protons and some atoms of oxygen have 7 protons.

• True

• False

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Besides being organized from 1–118, what is the other main element property that drives the organization and periodic nature of the Periodic Table?

• The number of neutrons.

• The number of electrons.

• The number of outer shell electrons.

• The abbreviation of the element.

How many outer shell electrons does each element have?

• (Diagram of Ar)

• (Diagram of H)

• (Diagram of Cl)

• (Diagram of F)

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Not only does the atomic number indicate the number of electrons an element has, but also the number of neutrons the element has.

• True

• False

Indicate the number of electrons each element contains.

• a. 55, b. 20, c. 76, d. 84

• a. 12, b. 18, c. 65, d. 90

• a. 30, b. 25, c. 80, d. 70

• a. 10, b. 15, c. 60, d. 85

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