8. What is the most essential characteristic of enzymes that derives from its structure?

Because enzymes are protein they have the capacity to change shape

Because enzymes are made of lipids they have the capacity to keep out water

Because enzymes are made of carbohydrates they have a constant supply of energy available

Because enzymes are palindromic, they have the ability to swap DNA segments and hybridize new characteristics that are best suited for that given environment

9. Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

b) Enzymes speed up the rate of the reaction.

a) Enzymes provide energy for the reaction.

c) Enzymes change the direction of the reaction.

d) Enzymes prevent the reaction from occurring.

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions

Enzymes react best at a specific temperature

Enzymes only control ONE type of reaction

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

The shapes of the enzymes are altered.

The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.

Enzymes are proteins that have two primary functions. Which answer below has the correct paring of functions?

Lowers activation energy and increases the rate of reaction

Raises activation energy and slows rate of reaction

Enzymes are proteins that have a three-dimensional shape that is specific to a particular substrate. Environmental conditions can change the shape of the protein. What is the most likely result if the shape of the enzyme changes?

The enzyme will no longer be able to catalyze the reaction with the substrate.

The substrate will change its shape to match the enzyme.

The products made from the enzyme and the substrate will be changed.

The enzyme will be able to bind to more diverse substrates than before.

Which best explains why the rate of a biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?

The shape of the enzyme changes.

The activation energy increases.

The enzyme-substrate complex forms.

The bonds between substrates are broken.

The gene that causes Huntington’s Disease is autosomal dominant. Consider one couple where the wife has the disease as did her mother. The husband does not. The children, now that they are 18 years old, are considering taking the blood test to determine if they have the gene for Huntington’s. Many people in their situation have chosen not to take the test. Which of the following is true?

There is a 50% chance that any child of these parents would have the disease.

There is a 50% chance that only a daughter will inherit the disease.

There is a 50% chance that only a son will inherit the disease.

It is certain that one of the children has the gene.

In one strain of mice, fur color ranges from white to darkest brown with every shade of brown in between. This pattern of inheritance for fur color is most likely controlled by

A single gene with many alleles

Which is true about a testcross?

It is a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual

It is a mating between two hybrid individuals

It is a mating between a hybrid individual and a homozygous recessive individual

It is a mating to determine which individual is homozygous recessive.

5. Read through the problem described below. Which of the following outcomes is most likely to occur based on the experimental conditions?

D The higher the mass and the smaller the distance, the more Oxygen will be produced.

A The lower the mass and the smaller the distance, the more Carbon Dioxide will be produced.

B The lower the mass and the higher the distance, the more Carbon Dioxide will be produced.

C The higher the mass and the higher the distance, the more Oxygen will be produces.

8. Part A Students in a biology class conduct an experiment to determine the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant. They place a plant into a tube filled with water. Then, the students place the test tube under a light and slowly increase the temperature of the water. They record their results and display them on a graph as shown. Which statement is supported by the data in the graph?

B The rate of oxygen production is greatest in section M

A The rate of oxygen production is lowest in section M

C The production of water molecules is greatest in section L

D The number of carbon dioxide molecules is greatest in section K.

9. Part B Students in a biology class conduct an experiment to determine the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant. They place a plant into a tube filled with water. Then, the students place the test tube under a light and slowly increase the temperature of the water. They record their results and display them on a graph as shown. Which statement explains the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?

D Enzymes involved with plant photosynthesis are disrupted at temperatures above 25 degrees C

A Oxygen molecules break down at temperatures above 25 degrees C

B The rate of photosynthesis is unaffected by the temperature of the water

C The number of chloroplasts in the cell decreases as temperature increases

In an experiment to observe the effects of light intensity on the growth of aquatic plants, which of the following predictions is most accurate?

C Higher light intensity will increase the plant's growth rate up to a certain point, after which it will have no additional effect.

A Higher light intensity will decrease the plant's growth rate due to overexposure.

B Light intensity has no significant effect on the growth of aquatic plants.

D Lower light intensity will increase the plant's growth rate by stimulating chlorophyll production.

During a lab experiment, students investigate how soil pH affects the germination rate of bean seeds. Which outcome is most likely if the soil pH is significantly lower than the optimal range for bean seed germination?

B The germination rate will decrease due to the unfavorable acidic conditions.

A The germination rate will increase because bean seeds prefer acidic conditions.

C Soil pH has no effect on the germination rate of bean seeds.

D The germination rate will initially decrease, then increase as the seeds adapt to the pH level.

In an investigation to determine the optimal temperature for enzyme activity in the human body, what is the most likely outcome as the temperature deviates significantly from 37 degrees Celsius?

B Enzyme activity will decrease because most human enzymes denature at temperatures above or below 37 degrees Celsius.

A Enzyme activity will increase indefinitely with temperature.

C Temperature changes have no impact on enzyme activity in the human body.

D Enzyme activity will first decrease, then sharply increase beyond a certain temperature.

During an experiment to test the effect of light color on plant growth, which color of light is expected to result in the highest growth rate?

A Red light due to its high energy and efficiency in photosynthesis.

B Green light because it is the color most plants appear to be.

C Blue light due to its role in promoting chlorophyll absorption.

D Ultraviolet light as it provides the most energy.

In a study examining the impact of fertilizer types on tomato plant yield, which outcome is most likely if organic fertilizers are used compared to synthetic fertilizers?

A Higher yield due to better nutrient absorption with organic fertilizers.

B Lower yield because synthetic fertilizers are more potent.

C No difference in yield, as plants cannot distinguish between nutrient sources.

D Initial decrease in yield with organic fertilizers, followed by a long-term increase.

When investigating the effects of drought stress on plant transpiration rates, what is the expected outcome as the drought condition intensifies?

B Transpiration rates will decrease to conserve water.

A Transpiration rates will increase as plants try to cool down.

C No change in transpiration rates, as plants adapt quickly to drought.

D Transpiration rates will first decrease, then increase as the drought persists.

Optional OST practice questions and concepts

Authored by Amy Merida

Biology

10th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 1+ times

Optional OST practice questions and concepts

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

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2. Part B Only

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

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3.

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4. Part A

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5. Part B

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6. What does the term substrate refer to?

The part of the enzyme where objects attach

The part that attaches to the enzyme's active site

The part that changes the shape of the enzyme

A kind of lobster based cuisine found only in indigenous Australian food banks.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

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7. Enzymes are made of

Carbohydrates

Lipid

Protein

Nucleic Acid

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Optional OST practice questions and concepts

1. Part A only

2. Part B Only

3.

4. Part A

5. Part B

6. What does the term substrate refer to?

7. Enzymes are made of

8. What is the most essential characteristic of enzymes that derives from its structure?

9. Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

10. Which of the following factors can affect the activity of enzymes?

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