Milady's Standard 14th Edition Part 3: Chemical Services

Activators

• Powdered persulfate salts added to powder lightener to increase its lightening ability.

• Chemical agents that darken hair color.

• Natural ingredients used to nourish hair.

• Products that protect hair from heat damage.

loop rod

• A tool about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the rod's entire length.

• A type of fishing rod used for catching large fish.

• A rod used in construction for measuring distances.

• A flexible rod used in gymnastics for balance training.

Pre-lightening

• First step of double-process haircoloring; used to lift or lighten the natural pigment before the toner application.

• A technique used to darken hair color in a single process.

• A method for applying hair color without any prior treatment.

• A process that involves adding highlights to already colored hair.

Highlighting

• Technique involving complete dyeing of hair to a single color.

• Technique involving partial lightening or coloring to make strands lighter than the natural color, adding lighter shades and depth.

• Technique used to darken hair strands for a more dramatic look.

• Technique that involves applying a base color followed by a gloss finish.

no-base relaxers

• Relaxers that require a protective base cream.

• Relaxers that do not require the application of a protective base cream.

• Relaxers that are used only for curly hair.

• Relaxers that are applied only by professionals.

Spiral Wrap Technique

• A method of cutting hair in layers.

• A technique used in spiral perms where hair is wrapped around rods vertically until it fills each rod’s length like stripes on a candy cane.

• A way to color hair using a spiral pattern.

• A technique for straightening hair using heat.

Developers

• Are also known as reducing agents

• Have a pH between 2.5 and 4.5 and supply oxygen gas when mixed with oxidative haircolor

• Are used to remove color from hair

• Are primarily used for styling hair

off-base placement

• Base control where the hair is wrapped at 45 degrees below base section's center, positioned completely off its base.

• Base control where the hair is wrapped at 90 degrees above the base section's center, positioned on its base.

• Base control where the hair is wrapped at 45 degrees above the base section's center, positioned partially on its base.

• Base control where the hair is wrapped straight out from the base section, positioned at a 180-degree angle.

Color Fillers

• Equalize porosity and deposit color in one application to provide a uniform contributing pigment that supports the desired finished haircolor.

• Enhance shine and smoothness of hair without altering color.

• Remove unwanted tones from previously colored hair.

• Provide a temporary color change that washes out after one shampoo.

Complementary Colors

• Colors that are next to each other on the color wheel.

• Primary and secondary color positioned directly opposite each other on the color wheel.

• Colors that mix to create a neutral tone.

• Colors that are identical in hue but differ in brightness.