Which theory emphasizes learning through interaction with the social environment?

• A. Behaviorism

• B. Socio-Cultural Theory

• C. Cognitivism

• D. Classical Conditioning

Piaget’s theory is best known for emphasizing:

• A. Language acquisition

• B. Cognitive development in stages

• C. Operant conditioning

• D. Discovery learning

Who developed Discovery Learning?

• A. Piaget

• B. Skinner

• C. Bruner

• D. Freire

Behaviorism focuses on:

• A. The learner's background

• B. Observable behavior changes

• C. Brain-based learning

• D. Meaning-making through reflection

Cognitivism emphasizes:

• A. Repetition and reinforcement

• B. Mental processes and schema building

• C. Environmental stimuli

• D. Peer collaboration

Vygotsky’s concept of the Zone of Proximal Development highlights:

• A. Learning with support from others

• B. Independent learning

• C. Punishment and reinforcement

• D. Memorization techniques

Which best defines “modern educational theories”?

• A. Emphasis on teacher-led instruction

• B. Focus on rote learning

• C. Learner-centered, research-based approaches

• D. Reward-punishment dynamics

The shift from traditional to modern theories reflects:

• A. More homework and testing

• B. Rigid curriculum structures

• C. A move toward learner agency and inquiry

• D. Reduction in teacher autonomy

Which best describes constructivist learning?

• A. Memorization of content

• B. Passive absorption of facts

• C. Active knowledge construction by the learner

• D. Lecture-based delivery

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) typically begins with:

• A. A list of vocabulary

• B. A complex real-world problem

• C. Direct teacher instruction

• D. Multiple-choice quizzes