4.3, 4.4, 4.5 Vocab

Redlining

• The practice of providing housing loans to all neighborhoods equally.

• The denial of housing loans or insurance to people in certain neighborhoods, often based on race.

• A government program to promote home ownership among all citizens.

• A type of insurance that covers housing loans for low-income families.

Wealth Gap

• The equal distribution of assets among all racial and socioeconomic groups.

• The unequal distribution of assets between different racial or socioeconomic groups.

• A financial term that refers to the average income of a population.

• The process of wealth accumulation through savings and investments.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

• A Supreme Court case that upheld 'separate but equal' segregation laws.

• A landmark case that abolished slavery in the United States.

• A Supreme Court decision that granted women the right to vote.

• A case that established the principle of judicial review.

Enlist

• To voluntarily join the military.

• To refuse to participate in a conflict.

• To provide medical assistance in a war zone.

• To train for a civilian job.

G.I. Bill

• A law providing education, housing, and job benefits to returning WWII veterans.

• A program exclusively for veterans of the Vietnam War.

• A financial aid program for college students regardless of military service.

• A law that only benefits veterans who served in combat.

Draft

• A system where the government requires people to join the military. Example: African Americans were both drafted and enlisted to fight in WWII.

• A voluntary program for citizens to join the military.

• A financial system for funding military operations.

• A method of selecting leaders in a democratic government.

Fair Housing Act (1968)

• A federal law that banned housing discrimination based on race, religion, or national origin.

• A state law that allowed housing discrimination based on income level.

• A federal law that promoted housing discrimination based on age.

• A local ordinance that regulated housing prices.

Civil Rights Movement

• A movement aimed at ending racial discrimination and securing equal rights for African Americans, using marches, court cases, and boycotts.

• A political party formed in the 1960s to promote civil liberties for all citizens.

• A social movement focused on environmental issues and climate change awareness.

• A cultural movement that sought to revive traditional art forms and practices.

Tuskegee Airmen

• The first African American pilots in the U.S. military, trained at Tuskegee Institute.

• A group of African American soldiers who fought in World War I.

• The first all-female combat unit in the U.S. military.

• A famous aviation school in California.

Fourteenth Amendment

• A constitutional amendment guaranteeing equal protection under the law to all citizens.

• A constitutional amendment that abolished slavery in the United States.

• A constitutional amendment that granted women the right to vote.

• A constitutional amendment that established the income tax.