Unit 17

Which of the following contains the structures of the respiratory system in correct order, from the bronchi to external respiration?

• terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli

• bronchi, trachea, alveoli

• alveoli, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

• trachea, bronchi, terminal bronchioles

The cell at '4' surrounds, and consumes, microbial invaders or dust particles. It is a/an:

• neutrophil

• macrophage

• lymphocyte

• eosinophil

Inspiratory capacity is:

• inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) + tidal volume

• total lung capacity - residual volume

• tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume

• vital capacity - inspiratory reserve volume

Vital capacity is:

• IRV + tidal volume + ERV

• Tidal volume + residual volume + inspiratory reserve volume

• Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + total lung capacity

• Inspiratory capacity + functional residual capacity + tidal volume

Choose the correct pair of percentages for the proportion of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) carried in blood by hemoglobin.

• 95% of O2; 20% of CO2

• 98.5% of O2; 23% of CO2

• 90% of O2; 25% of CO2

• 85% of O2; 30% of CO2

The cell type marked 'A' secretes mucus, a sticky substance which traps particles so they can be removed from the lower respiratory tract. The cell type marked is a/an:

• goblet cell

• ciliated cell

• alveolar cell

• basal cell

When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, the bronchial smooth muscle:

• contracts

• dilates

• remains unchanged

• thickens

Among the processes carried out by the respiratory system are:

• exchange of gases between blood and tissue

• production of hormones

• digestion of food

• regulation of body temperature

Which of the following factors would increase respiratory rate?

• increased [H+] (decreased pH, acidosis)

• decreased [H+] (increased pH, alkalosis)

• increased oxygen levels

• decreased carbon dioxide levels

The structure that divides (bridges) the upper from lower respiratory tract is the:

• trachea

• bronchi

• larynx

• pharynx