Schema Theory Cue Cards

What did Cohen (1981) find?

• Participants remembered details consistent with the role (librarian or waitress) they believed the woman held.

• Participants recalled the woman's appearance more than her role.

• Participants were unable to remember any details about the woman.

• Participants remembered details based on their own personal experiences.

What did Bransford & Johnson (1972) find?

• Participants who saw a context image before a passage remembered significantly more.

• Participants who read the passage without any context remembered more.

• Participants who saw the passage first remembered significantly more.

• Participants who were given a summary remembered less.

What is schematic processing?

• The use of existing schemas to interpret and remember new information.

• A method of organizing data in a database.

• A technique for improving memory retention through repetition.

• A strategy for analyzing complex problems without prior knowledge.

What was the aim of Bransford & Johnson (1972)?

• To investigate the effects of sleep on memory retention.

• To determine if schema activation improves comprehension and memory.

• To analyze the impact of visual aids on learning outcomes.

• To explore the relationship between anxiety and academic performance.

What is a schema in psychology?

• A type of psychological disorder

• A mental framework that organizes and interprets information.

• A method of therapy used in psychology

• A biological process related to brain function.

How can schemas contribute to stereotyping and prejudice?

• Social schemas can create biased expectations and lead to unfair judgments and discrimination.

• Schemas have no impact on social behavior.

• Schemas only help in organizing information without any negative effects.

• Schemas are only relevant in academic settings.

What is a social schema?

• A mental representation of people or social groups—often expressed through stereotypes.

• A type of social network that connects individuals based on shared interests.

• A psychological theory explaining the development of personality traits.

• A method for analyzing social media interactions.

What are the four main types of schemas?

• Social schemas, self-schemas, script schemas, and role schemas.

• Cognitive schemas, emotional schemas, behavioral schemas, and situational schemas.

• Physical schemas, abstract schemas, relational schemas, and temporal schemas.

• Cultural schemas, personal schemas, environmental schemas, and historical schemas.

How do schemas influence memory?

• People are more likely to recall schema-consistent information and forget inconsistent details.

• Schemas have no effect on memory recall.

• People remember all details equally regardless of schemas.

• Schemas only influence memory in children.

What did Stone et al. (2010) find?

• Black athletes were seen as more athletic; white athletes as more strategic—showing confirmation bias.

• White athletes were perceived as more athletic than black athletes.

• Both black and white athletes were seen as equally strategic and athletic.

• Black athletes were considered less strategic than white athletes.