AP Psychology Learning Unit Review

In classical conditioning, what is the unconditioned stimulus (US)?

• A learned response

• A naturally occurring stimulus

• A stimulus that triggers no response

• A consequence of behavior

What happens in higher-order conditioning?

• A neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus

• A second neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus

• A conditioned response becomes extinct

• A response is generalized to similar stimuli

After extinction, if a conditioned response suddenly reappears, what has occurred?

• Discrimination

• Acquisition

• Spontaneous recovery

• Generalization

Which term best describes when a dog salivates not only to a bell, but also to a doorbell?

• Discrimination

• Generalization

• Extinction

• Habituation

Discrimination in classical conditioning refers to:

• Responding to similar stimuli

• Ignoring the conditioned stimulus

• Responding only to the specific conditioned stimulus

• Forgetting the learned behavior

Which schedule of reinforcement is most resistant to extinction?

• Fixed interval

• Fixed ratio

• Variable interval

• Variable ratio

A student receives a star every five completed assignments. This is an example of:

• Fixed ratio

• Fixed interval

• Variable ratio

• Variable interval

Checking your phone for messages randomly throughout the day is reinforced on what schedule?

• Fixed ratio

• Fixed interval

• Variable ratio

• Variable interval

Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?

• Taking aspirin to relieve a headache

• Giving a child candy for cleaning their room

• Getting a speeding ticket

• Taking away phone privileges

Removing a chore after a teen gets good grades is an example of:

• Positive punishment

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative punishment